冬小麦主茎叶片露尖所需时间和积温的研究及应用

目的]研究冬小麦主茎叶片露尖所需时间和积温。方法]研究强冬性品种白蚰包不同播期条件下主茎叶片露尖所需时间和积温,探讨不同小麦品种早播、晚播的单株分蘖力和成穗规律。结果]白蚰包主茎叶片露尖所需时间随着播期的推迟,年前逐渐增多,年后各播期的基本相当;所需积温随着播期的推迟,年前逐渐减少,年后有逐渐增多的趋势。早播小麦高倍繁殖良种要求冬前主茎8叶1大心~9叶1心,基本苗不少于210万/hm2。在高产栽培条件下,冬前主茎1叶1心~2叶1心的晚播麦,除主茎成穗外,应利用第1子蘖成穗;冬前主茎3叶1心~4叶1心的晚播麦,除主茎与第1子蘖成穗外,应利用第2子蘖成穗。结论]该研究为不同播期的小麦高产栽培提供了科学依据。

Study on the Needed Time and Accumulated Temperature for Emerging the Tip of Main Stem Leaves in Winter Wheat and Its Application

Objective] The aim of the research was to study the needed time and accumulated temperature for emerging the tip of main stem leaves in winter wheat.Method] The needed time and accumulated temperature for emerging the tip of main stem leaves in strong winterness wheat variety Baiyoubao under the conditions of different sowing date were studied.And the tillering capability per plant and spike-formation law of different wheat varieties in early sowing and late sowing were discussed.Result] With the delay of sowing date,the needed time for emerging the tip of main stem leaves in Baiyoubao was gradually increased before Spring Festival and that in various sowing stages was basically accordant after Spring Festival.With the delay of sowing date,the needed accumulated temperature showed the trend of gradually decreasing before Spring Festival and gradually increasing after Spring Festival.The propagation of good early-sowing wheat varieties demanded that main stem should be 8 leaves with 1 large core to 9 leaves with 1 core and the basic seedlings should be not less than 2 100 thousand per hm2 before winter.Under the conditions of high-yield cultivation,for late-sowing wheat whose main stem was 1 leaf with 1 core to 2 leaves with 1 core before winter,the 1st tiller should be utilized to form spike in addition to main stem.For late-sowing wheat whose main stem was 3 leaves with 1 core to 4 leaves with 1 core before winter,the 2nd tiller should be utilized to form spike in addition to main stem and the 1st tiller.Conclusion] The research provided scientific basis for the high-yield cultivation of wheat with different sowing date.