韦伯-费希纳模型在湖泊(水库)预警评价中的应用

目的]对福建省的莆田东圳水库、福清东张水库、三明东牙溪水库水环境质量及预警等级进行评价,为湖泊(水库)水环境预警评价提供一种过程简单,结果科学合理的评价方法。方法]根据韦伯—费希纳模型(Weber-Fechner’s model)的基本原理,以表征水库水环境的溶解氧(DO),化学需氧量(CODMn),总磷(TP),NH_3-N,总氮(TN)等参数作为评价指标,利用水环境综合指数ki来评价水库水环境质量及预警等级。结果]莆田东圳水库2010年第1,2季度以及2012年第3季度处于中重警。福清东张水库2013年第3季度为轻警,2012年第1季度处于中重警。三明东牙溪水库2010年第4季度、2011第3季度、2012年第3季度、2013第3,4季度为轻警。其余季度上述水库水质预警等级为中警。结论]韦伯—费希纳模型能够定量描述湖泊(水库)水环境质量的感觉强度变化关系,客观反映湖泊(水库)水环境质量变化的影响;该模型具有计算过程简单,评价精度高,应用性强等优点,为湖泊(水库)水质预警等级综合评价提供了新方法,拓展了评价模型的应用范围。

Application of Weber-Fechner Model to Water Environment Forewarning of Lakes(Reservoirs)

Objective] To provide a simple, scientific and reasonable method for water environment forewarning of lakes(reservoirs), the evaluations of water quality and forewarning level of Putian Dongzhen Reservoir, Fuqing Dongzhang Reservoir, and Sanming Dongyaxi Reservoir in Fujian Province were conducted.Methods] According to the Weber-Fechner''s model, dissolved oxygen(DO), chemical oxygen demand(COD_Mn), total phosphorus(TP), inorganic nitrogen(NH₃-N), total nitrogen(TN) were taken as the evaluation indicators of water environment for reservoirs. The water quality and forewarning level were evaluated using comprehensive index k_i of water environment.Results] The water quality warning levels of Putian Dongzhen Reservoir in the 1st and 2nd quarters of 2010, and the 3rd quarter of 2012 were evaluated as moderate or strong warning. In the 3rd quarter of 2013, it was mild warning. In the 1st quarter of 2012, it was moderate to strong for Fuqing Dongzhang Reservoir. For Sanming Dongyaxi Reservoir, the warning level were mild in the 4th quarter of 2010, 3rd quarter of 2011, 3rd quarter of 2012, 3rd and 4th quarters in 2013. Otherwise, the warning levels of the above reservoirs were moderate.Conclusion] The organoleptic water environmental quality could be evaluated and reflected objectively by the Weber-Fechner''s model, which was considered as an effective tool to assess the effect of water environment quality. The model has the advantages of simple calculation process, high evaluation precision and good application. It provided a new method for comprehensive evaluation of water quality warning level for lakes (reservoirs) and expanded its application.