不同还田材料对空心村整治后土壤肥力的影响

目的]评估还田材料在空心村整治为农用地后对土壤养分的影响效应,为提高新增耕地质量提供科学的参考。方法]在农村废弃宅基地的整治中使用不同的还田材料进行复垦还田,通过TS(改良剂FeSO4)、TF(有机肥鸡粪)、TC(粉煤灰)、TSF(改良剂+有机肥)、TFC(粉煤灰+有机肥)、TSC(改良剂+粉煤灰)和T0(无培肥措施)7种处理来监测土壤0—105cm剖面上养分含量的变化趋势。结果]土壤剖面平均有效磷含量在处理TSF下最大,且覆土30cm的TSF处理相对高于T0处理254.49%,0—105cm的则相对高146.37%。土壤剖面平均速效钾含量在处理TSF下最大,且覆土30cm的TSF处理相对高于T0处理19.13,0—105cm的则相对高14.01。土壤剖面平均全氮含量在处理TSC下最大,且覆土30cm的TSC处理相对高于T0处理29.63%,0—105cm的则相对高27.06%。土壤剖面平均有机质含量在处理TF下最大,且覆土30cm的TF处理相对高于T0处理247.47%,0—105cm的则相对高于42.63%。结论]综合比较,同时添加改良剂(FeSO4)和有机肥(鸡粪)时在玉米—小麦—玉米三季作物种植过后土壤养分增加迅速,对空心村整治后生土熟化促进效果明显。

Effects of Different Field-returning Materials on Soil Fertility After Remediation in Vacant Village

Objective] To evaluate the effect of returning field materials on soil nutrient after remediation in vacant villages for agricultural land in order to provided scientific references for improving the quality of new cultivated land.Methods] This study was conducted in the rural abandoned homestead using different field returning materials. The trend of nutrient content was monitored by 7 different kinds of treatments including TS (ameliorant, FeSO₄), TF (organic fertilizer, manure), TC (fly ash), TSF (ameliorant + organic fertilizer), TFC (fly ash + organic fertilizer), TSC (ameliorant + fly ash) and T₀ (no fertilization measures) in 0-105 cm soil profile.Results] The average available phosphorus content was the highest in the treatment of TSF, and the available phosphorus in TSF treatment with 30 and 0-105 cm soil cover was 254.49% and 146.37% higher than that in the treatment of T₀, respectively. The average available potassium content was the largest in the TSF treatment, and the available potassium in TSF treatment with 30 and 0-105 cm soil cover was 19.13% and 14.01%higher than that in T₀ treatment, respectively. The average total nitrogen content in the soil profile was the highest in the treatment of TSC, and the total nitrogen in TSC treatment with 30 and 0-105 cm soil cover was 29.63% and 27.06% higher than that in the T₀ treatment, respectively. The average organic matter content in the soil profile was the highest in the treatment of TF, and the organic matter in the treatment of TF with 30 and 0-105 cm soil cover was 247.47% and 42.63% higher than that in the treatment of T₀, respectively.Conclusion] Soil nutrient increases rapidly with the addition of ameliorant (FeSO₄) and organic manure (chicken manure) after the planting of three-season crop with maize-wheat-maize, and immature soil is improved into cultivated land of remedied vacant village.