旱作大豆播种密度对产量和水分利用效率的影响

为了提高旱作区大豆种植效益，充分利用当地降水资源，在甘肃东部地区开展播种密度对不同成熟期大豆品种产量及水分利用效率的影响研究。结果表明，不同类型大豆品种随播种密度增加，其主要经济性状单株荚数、单株粒数、每荚粒数和单株粒重均呈下降趋势；播种密度对不同类型品种田间耗水量影响不显著；在播种密度9.0万株/hm²~27.0万株/hm²的范围内，晚熟品种‘汾豆78’、‘晋豆23’适宜种植密度为18.0万株/hm²，早熟品种‘中黄30’、‘晋豆19’适宜种植密度为22.5万株/hm²；适宜播种密度能够明显提高旱作区大豆籽粒产量和水分利用效率。

Effects of Planting Density on Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Dry-land Soybean

In order to improve planting benefit of the dry-land soybean, and make full use of local rainfall resources, this experiment was conducted to find out the effects of planting density on grain yield and water use efficiency of dry-land soybean in dry-land of the eastern of Gansu. The results indicated that, as the planting density increased, the main economic characters that were the number of pods, seeds number per plant, number of seeds per pod and seeds weight per plant of every experimental variety decreased. There was no significant difference in field water consumption of the different types of varieties across the different planting densities. In the range of 90-270 thousand plants per hm² of planting density, suitable planting density of late-maturity variety, such as ‘Fendou 78’ and ‘Jindou 23’ were 180 thousand plants per hm² , suitable planting density of mid- maturity variety such as ‘Zhonghuang 30’ and ‘Jindou 19’ were 225 thousand plants per hm². This means that suitable planting density could improve seeds yield and water use efficiency (WUE) significantly.