单切双横流脱粒分离装置参数试验与优化

为解决全喂入式联合收获机收获秆青叶茂难脱高产水稻时脱粒分离损失大且容易出现堵塞的问题,设计了单切双横流脱粒分离装置,在单切双横流脱粒分离装置试验台上,通过对比试验分别对凹板筛栅条轴向间距、顶盖导向板个数和滚筒轴间距进行了优选,得到优选结构参数为:第Ⅰ切流、第Ⅱ横轴流和第Ⅲ横轴流凹板筛栅条轴向间距分别为10 mm、16 mm和16 mm,第Ⅱ横轴流和第Ⅲ横轴流顶盖导向板的个数都为4个,第Ⅰ切流和第Ⅱ横轴流以及第Ⅱ横轴流和第Ⅲ横轴流滚筒轴间距分别为645 mm和667.5 mm;在得到的优选结构参数下,以喂入量、脱粒间隙和滚筒转速为试验因素进行正交试验,并运用模糊综合评价法和极差分析得出试验范围内切双横流水稻脱粒分离装置的优选工作参数为:喂入量为5 kg/s,第Ⅰ切流、第Ⅱ横轴流和第Ⅲ横轴流脱粒间隙分别为40 mm、35 mm和40 mm,第Ⅰ切流、第Ⅱ横轴流和第Ⅲ横轴流滚筒转速分别为550 r/min、600 r/min和750 r/min。在此参数下,得到单切双横流脱粒分离装置的性能指标为:未脱净率0.05%,夹带损失率0.36%,脱粒总损失率0.41%,第Ⅰ切流、第Ⅱ横轴流和第Ⅲ横轴流脱粒滚筒功耗分别为3.33 k W、21.26 k W和12.58 k W,脱粒滚筒总功耗37.17 k W,脱出物杂余质量分数14.37%。

Parameter Test and Optimization of Tangential-horizontal-horizontal Threshing and Separating Device

In order to solve the high loss and blockage problem of full-feeding combine harvester harvesting green stem and leafy rice which is difficult to thresh, a tangential-horizontal-horizontal threshing and separating device was developed. On the test bench of tangential-horizontal-horizontal threshing and separating device, the parameters of axial distance of concave fences, the number of cover and axis spacing of cylinders were preferred by using comparison test. The experiments showed that the preferred parameters were the axial distance of concave fences of 10mm, 16mm and 16mm, the number of cover of 4 and 4, and the axis spacing of cylinders of 645mm and 667.5mm. Under the preferred structural parameters, threshing and separating performance experiments using different feed rates, concave clearances and cylinder speeds were carried out on the test bench of tangential-horizontal-horizontal threshing and separating device. The preferred operating parameters were obtained by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and variance analysis. The experiments showed that the preferred operating parameters within the test range were feed rate of 5kg/s, speeds of 550r/min, 600r/min, 750r/min and concave clearances of 40mm, 35mm, 40mm for the first tangential cylinder, the second horizontal cylinder and the third horizontal cylinder. The performance indicators were obtained under the above parameters: un-threshed rate of 0.05%, entrainment loss rate of 0.36%, the total loss rate of threshing 0.41%, power consumption of the first tangential cylinder, the second horizontal cylinder and the third horizontal cylinder were 3.33kW, 21.26kW and 12.58kW. The total power consumption was 37.17kW and the extractions impurity rate was 14.37%.