地球物理方法在土壤水文过程研究中的应用与展望

土壤水分的多尺度高效监测是土壤水文过程研究的基础.近些年以电阻率成像法、探地雷达法和电磁感应法为代表的地球物理方法,凭借多尺度适用性和微扰动原位监测的优势被广泛用于土壤水文学研究.本文在介绍以上3种代表性地球物理技术工作原理的基础上,初步总结了地球物理方法应用于水文学研究中的进展,讨论了地球物理手段未来应用于土壤水文学...

Application and Prospect of Geophysical Methods in Study of Soil Hydrological Processes

Soil hydrological process is one of the most important parts of the water cycle. An accurate and effective measurement of soil moisture is the basis of the study of soil hydrological process. Compared with the traditional soil moisture monitoring methods (such as time domain reflectometry, cosmic-ray neutron sensing, remote sensing, etc.), the geophysical methods have the advantages of multi-scale and high precision monitoring without disturbing the soil. Therefore, the popularization of geophysical methods is of great significance to broaden our understanding of soil hydrological process and water cycle. Based on the introduction of the essential principles and characteristics of three commonly used geophysical methods (Electrical resistivity tomography, Ground penetrating radar, Electromagnetic induction), this paper summarized the conversion methods between geophysical parameters and hydrological elements. In addition, this paper focused on enumerating the methods and related cases applied in the study of hydrological processes such as the monitoring of spatial distribution of soil moisture, water infiltration and redistribution and root water uptake. Then, in the last section, this paper discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by the application of geophysical methods in the research of soil hydrology in the future and pointed that we should: (1) continuously clarify the relationship between geophysical elements and soil moisture characteristics to improve the accuracy of inversion; (2) comprehensively use a variety of geophysical methods for cross inversion; (3) couple geophysical models with hydrological process models to provide more reliable parameter estimation; (4) expand the application of geophysical methods in hydrological and ecosystem responses and biogeochemical cycles and other fields.