根茬残体对葡萄自身生长及生理指标的影响

采用盆栽试验,将不同质量比(1∶100,3∶100,5∶100)的贝达(V.vulpina×V.labrusca Beta)葡萄粉碎根系混入土壤中,研究其对葡萄植株生长及生理指标的影响。结果表明:葡萄根茬残体显著降低了葡萄的株高、茎粗及地上和地下鲜重。随着根茬残体加入量的提高,叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度降低,可溶性糖、淀粉和蛋白质含量减少,根呼吸速率下降;叶片的酶活性也发生改变,苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性随着残体加入量的提高分别比对照降低了6.6%,9.7%,29.5%,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低了1.2%,2.5%,2.9%,而丙二醛(MDA)含量则增加了12.7%,25.4%,37.3%。可见,葡萄根茬残体具有显著的自毒作用,是葡萄连作障碍产生的重要原因之一。

Effect of Root Stubble on the Growth and Physiological Indexes of Grape

Using potted experiment, changes of plant growth and physiological indexes were studied with different (1∶100, 3∶100, 5∶100) ratio grinding root stubble of Beta (V.vulpina×V.labrusca) grape interfusing into soils. The results showed that the root stubble of grape significantly inhibited the growth of grape. Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance of leaves and root respiration rate decreased. Soluble sugar content, starch content and protein content decreased. With the increase of root stubble concentration, PAL enzyme activity of leaves decreased by 6.6％,9.7％,29.5％, and the SOD activity of leaves decreased by 1.2％, 2.5％, 2.9％ respectively, while MDA contentincreased by 12.7％, 25.4％, 37.3％. Decomposition substance from grape root stubble had significant autotoxicity and it was an important reason of grape replanting obstacle.