不同预处理对竹纤维束提取及其结构的影响

采用3种不同的预处理工艺提取获得竹纤维束,利用光学显微镜和X射线衍射法分别比较3种工艺下竹纤维束的微观形态和结晶结构。研究结果表明,低碱处理可分离提取竹纤维束,提取的竹纤维束为黄褐色丝状,直径为100～200μm。微观形态下,竹纤维束横截面呈蜂窝状,纵面呈多根柱形紧密排列状。3种工艺中,10%碱常温处理分离竹纤维最易,分离效果最好,残留基质黏附最少。由竹材经3种工艺提取的竹纤维束,结晶结构未改变,但相对结晶度均较原竹材有所提高。

Effect of pre-treatments on extraction and structure of bamboo fiber bundle

Bamboo fiber bundles were extracted after 3 alkali pre-treatment.The morphology and crystalline structure of the fiber bundles were studied by means of optical microscope and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results showed that dilute alkali pre-treatment was suitable for the extraction of bamboo fiber bundle.The extracted were yellowish brown filaments with the diameter of 100-200 μm.The microscopic study showed that the bamboo fiber bundle was composed of column-like fibrils laterally linked together and looked like honeycomb in the cross section.Among the 3 pre-treatments,the 10% alkali treatment at room temperature resulted in the fastest fiber extraction and least residual matrix.The XRD analysis showed that the crystalline structure kept unchanged after all the three pre-treatments.However,they all led to higher crystallinity.