关中东部不同设施蔬菜对低温的响应

为了明确关中东部不同设施蔬菜对低温的响应，试验选取6种设施蔬菜越冬栽培于日光温室中，实时记录温室内空气温度、光照强度，定期调查各蔬菜生长量指标变化。结果发现，调查周期内棚室温度有2个较低时期，分别为16.8℃和12.7℃；苦瓜在低温下发生了严重的冷害现象；黄瓜和水果黄瓜在16.8℃和12.7℃低温条件下，其株高、叶片数生长发育受到显著的抑制；番茄、辣椒对12.7℃的低温敏感，在16.8℃下生长受抑制不显著；茄子对低温耐受力较强，其株高、茎粗生长受2段低温抑制作用不明显。综合比较得出：各蔬菜对低温的敏感程度依次为：苦瓜>水果黄瓜>黄瓜>番茄>辣椒>茄子，并据此为关中东部设施蔬菜栽培提供合理性指导。

Response of Different Facility Vegetables to Low Temperature in Eastern Guanzhong

The paper aims to clarify the response of different facility vegetables in eastern Guanzhong to low temperature. Balsam pear, cucumber, fruit cucumber, tomato, pepper and eggplant were planted in greenhouses in winter. The real-time temperature and illumination were recorded hourly in the greenhouses, and plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and etc. were also recorded every week. The results showed that: 16.8℃ (2014.12.21-12.28) and 12.7℃ (2015.1.25-2.01) were two stages of low temperature in the greenhouses; balsam pear suffered severe chilling damage at low temperature; the growth of cucumber and fruit cucumber’s plant height and leaf numbers were significantly inhibited under both 12.7℃ and 16.8℃; tomato and pepper were sensitive to 12.7℃ and insensitive to 16.8℃; eggplant had a strong tolerance to low temperature, its growth of plant height and stem diameter were not significantly affected under 16.8℃ and 12.7℃. According to the results: the sensitive degree of 6 vegetables to low temperature was: balsam pear>fruit cucumber>cucumber>tomato>pepper>eggplant, and the conclusion could provide guidance for the production of facility vegetable in eastern Guanzhong.