水目山两栖爬行动物调查及其生境特征分析

为了掌握水目山自然保护区及临近区域两栖爬行动物组成，于2019年6月对该区域开展了野外调查，基于GIS技术及相关调查数据分析该区域生境特征。结果显示，共调查到两栖爬行动物27种，其中两栖动物13种，隶属于2目6科10属，区系以西南区成分为主，外来种1种；爬行动物14种，隶属于2目5科11属，区系以西南区成分为主；国家重点保护野生动物1种，即红瘰疣螈；云南省级重点保护动物1种，为眼镜王蛇；首次在大理州境内记录到蓝尾蝾螈楚雄亚种；保护区范围内生态环境优于临近区域，但被逐渐破碎化和孤岛化；建设用地及耕地对该区域生态环境威胁较大。提出保护溪流、湖泊及其周围植被，建立科研监测体系和监测设施等保护对策。

Investigation of Amphibians and Reptiles and Analysis of Their Habitats in Shuimu Mountain

In order to master the composition of amphibians and reptiles in Shuimushan Nature Reserve and the adjacent areas, the field survey was carried out in June 2019 to analyze the habitat characteristics of the area based on GIS technology and relevant survey data. The results showed that 27 species of amphibians and reptiles were investigated, including 13 species of amphibians, belonging to 10 genera, 6 families and 2 orders, with southwest component as the main fauna and 1 alien species, and 14 species of reptiles, belonging to 11 genera, 5 families and 2 orders, with southwest component as the main fauna; 1 species of national key protected wild animals was Tylototriton errucosus and 1 species of Yunnan provincial key protected animals was Ophiophagus hannah; Cynops cyanurus chuxiongensis was first recorded in Dali Prefecture; the ecological environment in the reserve was better than that in the adjacent area, but which was gradually fragmented and isolated; construction land and cultivated land posed a great threat to the ecological environment of the region. This paper proposed the protection countermeasures such as protecting streams, lakes and the surrounding vegetation, establishing scientific research monitoring system and monitoring facilities.