水稻细胞质雄性不育花药和叶片中的活性氧代谢研究

为探究水稻雄性不育与活性氧代谢的内在关系，以水稻细胞质雄性不育系天丰A及保持系天丰B生殖生长期的花药和叶片为材料，对其O₂^-产生速率、H₂O₂和MDA含量以及抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT活性的变化进行测定。结果显示：生殖生长期间，不育系花药中O₂^-产生速率、H₂O₂和MDA含量总体高于保持系，抗氧化酶SOD、CAT活性总体低于保持系，而POD活性始终比保持系花药高；不育系与保持系叶片中仅表现出H₂O₂、MDA含量和CAT活性的差异。以上结果综合表明，不育系与可育系活性氧代谢的差异主要存在于花药中，花药发育过程中O₂^-、H₂O₂代谢失调和MDA过量积累以及保护酶活性下降或功能转变可能是导致雄性不育的重要因素。

Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen Species in Anthers and Leaves of Cytoplasmic Male-Sterile Rice

In order to investigate the relationships between CMS and metabolism of reactive oxygen species, anthers and leaves of cytoplasmic male-sterile rice and its maintainer at reproductive stages were used as experimental materials to measure the production rate of O₂^-, contents of H₂O₂ and MDA, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and POD). The results showed that at reproductive stages, anthers of CMS line had higher production rate of O₂^-, contents of H₂O₂ and MDA, in comparison with the maintainer line. The activities of SOD and CAT were obsessively lower in CMS anthers, whereas POD activity of CMS anthers was higher than those of maintainer line. There were only differences in contents of H₂O₂ and MDA, and activity of CAT in leaves of male-sterile line and maintainer line. Based on the above results, the differences of the reactive oxygen metabolism between CMS and its maintainer were mainly apparent in anthers. In the process of anthers development, disordered metabolism of O₂^- and H₂O₂, excessive accumulation of MDA and decline of protective enzymes activities or function change of some protective enzymes may be the important reasons to make male sterility.