21种中草药醇提物抑菌活性研究

[目的]开发理想的植物源杀菌剂。[方法]以链格孢菌和灰霉菌为供试菌种,用生长速率法分别对21种中草药乙醇提取物进行室内抑菌活性测试。[结果]用提取物质量浓度为0.02 g/ml进行初次筛选时,丁香、牵牛子等7种提取物对灰霉菌抑菌率在70.00%以上;丁香、牵牛子等7种提取物对链格孢菌菌丝生长的抑制率达50.00%以上;用提取物质量浓度0.01 g/ml进行二次筛选,丁香、细辛、辛夷和苦参4种提取物对灰霉菌的抑菌率分别为100%、69.67%、62.52%、62.21%,与多菌灵相当;丁香、黄连、苦参、高良姜、细辛5种提取物对链格孢菌抑菌活性分别为100%、72.60%6、7.30%、63.90%、54.30%,均明显高于多菌灵6.90%抑菌率。[结论]丁香、苦参、细辛对两种真菌的抑制作用较明显。

Study on Antifungal Activities of Alcohol Extracts from 21 Kinds of Chinese Medicinal Herbs

[Objective]The aim of the research was to develop the perfect botanical fungicide.[Method] In lab test,with Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani as tested epiphyte strains,the antifungal activities of alcohol extracts from 21 Chinese medicinal herbs were tested through plate growth rate method.[Result] In the primary screening test with the extracts at 0.02 g/ml,7 extracts from the plants such as Syzygium aromaticum and Pharbitis nil expressed significant inhibitory effects against the mycelium growth of A.solani and B.cinerea, with the inhibitory effect over 70% and 50% resp.In the secondary screening test with the extracts at 0.01 g/ml,the inhibitory rate of 4 extracts from the plants of S.aromaticum,Asarum heterotropoides,Magnolia liliflora and Sophora flavesceus against A.solani were 100%,69.67 %,62.52% and 62.21%,being quite to that of carbendazim;the inhibitory rate of 5 extracts from the plants of S.aromaticum,Coptis chinensis,S.flavesceus,Alpinia officinarum and A.heterotropoides against B.cinerea were 100%,72.60%,67.30%,63.90%and 54.30%,being obviously higher than that of carbendazim(6.90%).[Conclusion] The inhibitory effects of S.aromaticum,S.flavesceus and A.heterotropoides were obvious against the mycelium growth of two epiphytes.