李树蓄水保肥建园技术试验研究

沙荒地李树栽植前，采取大穴换土、穴底及四周铺膜、树盘铺草等保墒保肥措施，可有效提高其土壤含水量。其根系集中分布区（20～40cm土层）的土壤含水量在灌水2d、11d、16d后比直接挖穴栽植高7．15～8．89个百分点，萌茅率、成活率比对照高8．5和10．5个百分点，新梢长、总枝量、树高等生育指标均高于对照。且采取沟灌方式进行灌溉，可大大缩短重复灌溉的时间，灌1次水与漫灌相比每667m2可节省73．3m3的水。

The Test Study on Retaining Water and Fertilizer and the Technology of Building Plum Orchard

Before planting plum in desert, the measures to keep fertilizer and moisture such as adopting exchange soil in big cave, laying plastic film in the bottom and around the cave, laying grass around the tree can improve soil water content effectively. After irrigation 2d, 11d, 16d, the water content of soil around root cluster in 20-40cm is 7.15%-8.89% higher than planting directly. The germination rate and survival rate are 8.5% and 10.5% higher than contrasts. The other physiological indexes such as shoot length, total branch volume and the height of tree also are higher than contrast. Adopting furrow irrigation can short the time of repeat irrigation. It can save water of 73.3m3 than flood irrigation per 667m3.