小麦抗穗发芽酶反应生化标记选择法研究

以穗发芽抗性不同的小麦品种（系）及不同杂交组合的F2为试材，用邻苯二酚作底物进行多酚氧化酶生化染色标记，对小麦抗穗发芽酶反应标记选择法进行了研究。结果表明，种子染色标记的最佳条件是：0.125%的邻苯二酚溶液，在气温18~25℃条件下浸种10~15min，覆膜保湿酶反应4~6h，晒干后进行比色分级。对不同色级的种子进行抗穗发芽、酚酶活性鉴定，表明小麦穗发芽率与酶反应生化标记后的种子色级存在极显著的正相关，生化标记后颜色越深的材料越不抗穗发芽，不染色或染色浅的低酚酶活性种子则具有较强的抗穗发芽性。用该法成功选育出抗穗发芽小麦新品种宝麦8号（冀审麦2004012号）。

Study on the New Selecting Method of Polyphenol Oxidase Pigmentation to Increase Wheat Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance Ability

Polyphenol oxidase pigmentation method was studied using different wheat cultivars and F2 of different cross combinations. The results were as fallows: the suitable condition of seed treatment was that under room temperature 18~25℃, wheat seeds were put in 0.125% catechol solution and kept for 10~15min, then the seeds were covered with plastic membrane and kept for 4~6h. After drying, the seeds were graded in term of color display. There was a significant positive correlation between sprouting percentage and colored seed grade. Light colored seeds with low polyphenol oxidase activity had higher resistance to pre-harvest sprouting than those of dark colored seeds. The new wheat variety Baomai 8 with high resistance ability to pre-harvest sprouting was successfully selected and bred using this method. It was registered and released to commercial production in Hebei Province in 2004 (registered number: JS2004012).