鹿类动物冬季环境容纳量估算方法评价

根据国内外鹿类动物环境容纳量研究现状，按确定容纳量的研究方法将其归纳为营养容纳量和空间容纳量两大类。这两类研究方法中，营养容纳量应用较早，是以目标种群生境所能提供的营养和野生动物本身的能量需求为估算基础，该方法受较多因素的影响，需进一步改进；空间容纳量是以野生动物总体生境格局和最小生存空间需求为依据，结合地理信息系统等现代技术及空间模型的模拟研究，可以更为客观地确定环境容纳量，将成为确定环境容纳量的主要研究手段和方法。

Evaluation on Methods of Estimating Winter Habitat Carrying Capacity of Cervidae

Two primary methods were summarized to estimate habitat carrying capacity, by nutrition and by space, according to the current research status of deer carrying capacity in recent years; also evaluation and comparsion were conducted on them. In 2 methods, the former was historically used, but was influenced by many factors and need to be improved for its limitation only based on nutrition in habitat and energy requirements of wildlife individuals. The latter, however, was related to general habitat structure and the minimum survival space requirements of individual. Combined with contemporary study methods and certain spatially models, this method will be the primary technique to estimate deer carrying capacity.