草原蝗虫开发利用的研究

青海草原环湖及柴达木蝗区大部分地面平缓，宜于机械作业。蝗虫种群密度８０～１２０头／ｍ２者居多，面积为４０～５０万ｈｍ２，贮量小年为４８４０Ｔ，大年为６５６０Ｔ，开发前景广阔。蝗虫粉含粗蛋白７４．８８％，居我国目前优良饲料之首。经试验，作为饲料添加剂与５０％的进口鱼粉比较，京黄１号７日龄肉仔鸡饲喂４９天后成活率为８８．７１％，体重平均增长１０２０．２ｇ，二者差异不显著；星杂二八八６～８月龄蛋鸡饲喂后产蛋量提高１８．０８％，产蛋率提高７．９９％，完全可以代替鱼粉。新研制的捕蝗机捕蝗率为６５．０～７４．２％，生产率２．７４ｈｍ２／ｈ，单机捕幅４ｍ。以１９９３年的市场价格为准，机捕的经济效益为２８．６０元／ｈｍ２，且有突出的社会和生态效益。

An Exploitation and Utilization Way of Grasshoppers on Qinghai Grassland

The estimation of biomass of grasshopper populations on Qing hai Lake and Cai Damu regions was conducted. The total biomass of grasshopper on about 400, 000 ha were more than 4840 ton, and it was great potential for exploitation as food of chicken.The experiments on feeding chickens upon dried grasshoppers powder showed that,the survival rate of 7-day old JinghuangI (one strains of chickens) was 88. 71%, and average weight of them incre ased 1020. 2g in49 days after treatment. The production of 6-8 month old chicken (Xing Za 288) increased 18. 08%, and their proportion of production increased 7.99%, compared with control.In order to collect grasshopper more efficiently, a grasshoppers collector has been designed, and the test of its fuctions showed that it was suitable and efficient for collecting grasshoppers in Qinghai Lake and cai Damu regions.