顶空固相微萃取与气-质联用法分析玉米挥发性成分

采用顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）技术结合气相-质谱法（GC-MS）对不同玉米中挥发性成分进行分析。优化了顶空固相微萃取的条件,对不同玉米中挥发性成分进行了鉴定和分类。结果表明：分析玉米中挥发性成分的最佳条件为：萃取时间50 min,萃取温度80℃,样品量30 g。实验所用的两个样品四单19和浚单795中共检测出挥发性物质82种,其中四单19玉米中检测出64种,浚单795玉米中检出55种。玉米中的挥发性成分有醇类、醛类、酮类、酯类、烃类、有机酸类以及杂环类化合物等。不同品种之间的挥发性成分组成和含量差异较大。四单19中主要是醛类,占56.23%,其次是烃类、酮类、杂环类和醇类,分别为9.50%、8.81%、5.25%和3.74%;浚单795中主要是醛类和烃类,分别占20.69%、20.02%,其次是杂环类、醇类和酮类,分别为5.78%、5.34%和2.99%。有机酸和酯类含量在两个品种中的含量都很低。

ANALYSIS ON VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN CORN BY HEADSPACE SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION AND GC-MS

Headspace solid phase microextraction（HS-SPME）,combing with gas chromatographic and mass spectrum（GC-MS）,was applied to analyze volatile compounds of corn.It had identified and classified the volatile compounds in different kinds of corns and optimized such experimental conditions as extraction time,temperature and the amount of sample.The results showed that such optimal conditions for analyzing volatile compounds of corn were 50 minutes extraction time,80℃ extraction temperature and 30 g sample amounts.82 kinds of volatile compounds in corn had been detected in two tested samples of SIDAN 19 and XUNDAN 795,64 kinds of them were detected in SIDAN 19 and 55 kinds in XUNDAN 795 respectively.The volatile compounds in corn included alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,esters,hydrocarbons,organic acids and heterocyclic compounds etc..There were significant differences in volatile components among different corn varieties.Aldehydes were the main volatiles in SIDAN 19 with content of 56.23%,followed in turns by hydrocarbons（9.5%）,ketones（8.81%）,heterocyclic compounds（5.25%） and alcohols（3.74%）.Aldehydes and hydrocarbons were the main compounds in XUNDAN 795 with content of 20.69% and 20.02% respectively,followed by heterocyclic compounds（5.78%）,alcohols（5.34%） and ketones（2.99%）.There were little organic acids and esters in both corn samples.