不同水分条件下施肥对女贞光合及蒸腾作用的影响

为研究干旱半干旱地区施肥对女贞抗旱性的影响,采用N、P、水分三因素三水平的L9 (34)正交试验设计,研究了不同水分条件下施肥对女贞叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:1)3个因素对女贞光合生理特性的影响效应不同.3个因素对女贞净光合速率的重要性顺序是:N肥(B) ＞水分(A) ＞ P肥(C);对蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率的重要性顺序为:水分(A) ＞N肥(B) ＞ P肥(C).水分和N肥对女贞光合生理特征的影响要比P肥显著.2)在干旱胁迫条件(土壤含水量为田间持水量的40)下,施低N(7.5 g)高P(15 g),即A3B2C3组合为最优.N、P肥在水分胁迫条件下可以提高叶片的光合速率和水分利用效率,降低女贞的蒸腾速率.因此在干旱地区栽种女贞可以施低N高P来提高其成活率和生产力.

Effects of Fertilization on Photosynthesis and Transpiration of Ligustrum lucidum Under Different Water Conditions

An orthogonally designed experiment of three factors(water,nitrogen, phosphorus),each at three levels,was adopted in order to research the effects of fertilizer on drought resistant of Ligustrum lucidum.Effects of water(factor A),nitrogen(B) and phosphorus(C) on L.lucidum leaves were studied taken.photosynthetic rate,transpiration rates,Gs and water use efficiency as indicators.The results showed that 1) the effects of the three factors on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of L.lucidum were different.The order of importance of the three factors on photosynthetic rate was: nitrogen(B),water(A) and phosphorus(C).The order of importance of the three factors on transpiration rates,Gs and water use efficiency was: water(A),nitrogen(B) and phosphorus(C).Water and nitrogen had more remarkable effects on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of L.lucidum.2) The optimum disposition was the combination A3B2C3,which meant low nitrogen and high phosphorus under drought conditions.Nitrogen and phosphorus could improve photosynthetic rate and WUE of leaves and decrease the transpiration rates under the drought conditions. Therefore,we should use low nitrogen and high phosphorus to increase survival rate and throughput when L.lucidum planted in arid area.