2BMD-12型小麦对行免耕施肥播种机改进与试验研究

2BMD-12型小麦对行免耕施肥播种机用于一年两熟地区夏玉米整秆覆盖下免耕直播冬小麦,一次作业可同时完成秸秆粉碎、开沟、施肥、播种、镇压等多道工序。通过粉碎刀轴打碎玉米秸秆和田间杂草,并将碎秆、杂草等抛送至开沟器侧后方,有效地解决了玉米整秆覆盖下免耕播种小麦易发生严重堵塞的问题。在其第二代样机的基础上改进设计完成了第三代样机,通过对刀座的排列及对刀轴受力分析的研究,改进设计了粉碎刀轴,并进行了播种性能试验。试验表明在玉米整秆覆盖下对行免耕播种小麦技术可行,机具结构设计合理,为一年两熟地区冬小麦免耕播种提供技术支持。

Modification and experiment on 2BMD-12 Row-controlled No-till Wheat Drill

2BMD-12 Row-controlled No-till Wheat Drill has been developed to plant wheat between rows of standing maize residue under double cropping condition. With the new idea of row-controlled notill planting, the machine can accomplish multiple procedures, such as stubble chopping, furrow opening, seed sowing, fertilizer placement and pressing, in one pass. A powered rotary strip-chopping unit with straight and L-knives is placed to ensure that the aboveground section of the seeder tines is kept free from residue blockage which is a serious problem in no-till planting areas. The arrangement of the knives and the force on the knife axis is analyzed in the paper and the design of the chopping axis is improved to reduce vibration and power consumption. The field test results show that the technique of row-controlled wheat seeding under the standing maize stubble is feasible, and the machine is reasonably designed. The machine provides a good solution to the conservation tillage system and wheat no-till drilling in double cropping areas.