4种诱食剂对杂交鳢生长和血清生化指标的影响

为评价鱼溶浆、酵母膏、二甲基-β-丙酸噻亭(DMPT)和复合诱食剂对杂交鳢的诱食效果,配制了1种基础饲料(对照组),以及在基础饲料中分别添加2.0%鱼溶浆、2.0%酵母膏、0.1%DM PT和0.1%复合诱食剂的4种试验饲料,饲喂初始均重(17.30±0.03)g的杂交鳢8周。5种饲料等氮等能(粗蛋白质42%,总能18 MJ/kg)。结果显示:添加诱食剂组杂交鳢的终末均重(FABW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组(P0.05),而酵母膏组和复合诱食剂组杂交鳢的FABW、WGR、SGR和摄食率(FI)显著高于鱼溶浆组和DMPT组(P0.05)。各组蛋白质效率(PER)和饲料系数(FCR)无显著差异(P0.05)。同对照组相比,鱼溶浆组、酵母膏组和复合诱食剂组杂交鳢的肝体比(HSI)显著降低(P0.05),脾体比(SSI)显著升高(P0.05)。而复合诱食剂组杂交鳢的脏体比(VSI)显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。与对照组相比,鱼溶浆组、酵母膏组和复合诱食剂组杂交鳢的血清胆固醇(CHO)、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P0.05),血清总蛋白(TP)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高(P0.05)。各组血清甘油三酯(TG)、球蛋白(GLOB)含量及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性无显著差异(P0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加诱食剂可以提高杂交鳢的摄食量,降低血脂水平,同时提高鱼体免疫力和抗氧化能力,进而促进其生长,以酵母膏和复合诱食剂的效果较佳。

Effects of Four Feeding Attractants on Growth and Serum Biochemical Indices of Hybrid Snakehead

To evaluate the attractant effect of fish soluble, yeast extract, dimethyl?β?propiothetin ( DMPT) and compound feeding attractant on hybrid snakehead, five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets ( crude protein 42%, gross energy 18 MJ/kg) were formulated based on a basal diet ( control group) by adding 2. 0% fish soluble, 2.0% yeast extract, 0. 1% DMPT and 0. 1% compound feeding attractant, respectively, to feed the fish with the initial average body weight of (17.30±0.03) g for eight weeks. The results showed that fish fed diets with attractants presented significantly higher final average body weight ( FABW ) , weight gain rate ( WGR) and specific growth rate ( SGR) than those of the control group ( P<0.05) . Fish of yeast extract and compound feeding attractant groups showed higher FABW, WGR, SGR and feed intake ( FI) than those of fish soluble and DMPT groups (P<0.05). No significant differences in protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed among all groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, fish of fish soluble, yeast extract and compound feeding attractant groups exhibited significantly lower hepato?somatic index ( HSI) and significantly higher spleensomatic index ( SSI) ( P<0.05) . Viscerasomatic ( VSI) of compound feeding attractant group was significantly lower than that of other groups ( P<0.05) . No significant differences in serum triglyceride ( TG) , globulin ( GLOB) contents and alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) activity were observed among all groups ( P>0.05) . The results suggest that diets with feeding attractants can improve the feed intake decrease the serum lipid level, and enhance the immunity and antioxidant ability of hybrid snakehead, thus promote the growth.