氧化鱼粉对肉仔鸡生长性能、消化道结构和功能的影响

本试验旨在探索氧化的鱼粉蛋白质对肉仔鸡生长性能、消化道结构和功能的影响。选用健康、体重相近的1日龄肉公鸡180只,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。3个组分别饲喂对照饲粮(CON组)、含2%正常鱼粉饲粮(FM组)和含2%氧化鱼粉饲粮(OFM组),试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与CON组与FM组相比,OFM组显著降低肉仔鸡体重和平均日增重(P0.05),显著提高肉仔鸡料重比(P0.05);2)与CON组与FM组相比,OFM组肉仔鸡出现持续的腹泻症状,且14和21日龄肉仔鸡粪便p H显著降低(P0.05),粪便中水分含量显著提高(P0.05);3)对于21日龄肉仔鸡回肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度,3个组间无显著差异(P0.05);4)肉仔鸡嗉囊中谷胱甘肽、氧化型谷胱甘肽、脂质过氧化物和丙二醛含量和谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽值在3个组间无显著差异(P0.05),而OFM组与CON组和FM组相比显著提高了肉仔鸡回肠中脂质过氧化物和丙二醛含量(P0.05)。结果提示,氧化鱼粉对肉仔鸡回肠形态结构没有显著影响,但显著破坏了回肠的氧化还原平衡状态,造成肉仔鸡腹泻,影响消化道的功能,显著降低早期肉仔鸡的生长性能。

Effects of Oxidized Fish Meal on Growth Performance,Gut Structure and Functions of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of oxidized fish meal on the growth perform-ance, gut structure and functions of broilers. A total of 180 male broilers with good health and similar weight were divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates of 10 birds each. The chicks were fed control diet ( CON group) , containing 2% normal fish meal diet ( FM group) and 2% oxidized fish meal diet ( OFM group) , respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 d. The results were demonstrated that:compared with CON group and FM group, 1) OFM group significantly reduced the body weight and average daily gain (P<0.05), significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain of broilers ( P<0.05) . 2) OFM group resulted in constantly diarrhea of broilers, sig-nificantly decreased the fecal pH ( P<0.05) , and significantly increased the moisture content of faeces of broil-ers at 14-and 21-day-old ( P<0.05) . 3) The villus height, crypt depth and ratio of villus height to crypt depth of ileum of 21-day-old broilers did not significantly differ across three groups (P>0.05). 4) There were no significant differences for contents of glutathione ( GSH ) , oxidized glutathione ( GSSG ) , lipid peroxide (LPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and ratio of GSH to GSSG in crop among there groups (P>0.05), how-ever, the contents of LPO and MDA were significantly increased in the OFM group ( P<0.05) . In conclusion, oxidized fish meal can not only induce the imbalance of redox states in ileum, but also induce the diarrhea and influence the gut functions, and significantly decrease the growth performance of broilers in early stage, how-ever there is no significant effects on the ileum morphology.