| 影响反刍动物氮素利用效率和排放的营养实践 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 王笑笑,李若玺,梅洋,高腾云.影响反刍动物氮素利用效率和排放的营养实践[J].动物营养学报,2016(10):3042-3050. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 王笑笑 李若玺 梅洋 高腾云 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 河南农业大学牧医工程学院,郑州,450002 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 现代奶牛产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-37) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 涉及奶牛生产系统和粪肥应用的总氨氮排放参数是影响农业源氨氮排放的最敏感的参数,如何通过精细饲养来提高奶牛的氮素泌乳转化效率,降低奶牛生产系统的氮素排放,对于缓解奶牛生产系统面临的经济与环保双重压力具有重要意义。本文从饲粮的氮素水平、碳水化合物类型、氨基酸补饲、饲料添加剂、饲粮精粗比以及新型饲料原料等方面对影响反刍动物氮素排放的研究进行了综述,同时介绍了康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)模型及其改进对奶牛场氮排放估测的影响以及尿素转运蛋白对反刍动物氮素代谢的影响。
|
| 关 键 词： | 反刍动物 氮素利用 氮排放 营养实践 |
Nutrition Practices for Affecting Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Emission of Ruminants |
| |
| Abstract: | The parameters related to the excretion of total ammonia nitrogen from dairy cows and manure appli-cations are the most sensitive technical ones influencing agricultural ammonia emission. How to improve the ni-trogen conversion efficiency to lactation of dairy cows through reasonable precision feeding and decrease the ni-trogen emission of dairy production system are significant for the dairy production to alleviate the economic and environmental pressures. This review summarized the nutrition practices for reducing nitrogen emission of rumi-nants from the aspect of dietary nitrogen levels, carbohydrate types, amino acid supplementation, feed addi-tives, dietary concentrate to forage ratio, new feed raw materials and so on. Simultaneously, the effects of Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system ( CNCPS) model and its improvement on dairy farm nitrogen esti-mation as well as the effects of urea transporter on nitrogen metabolism of ruminants were also reviewed. |
| |
| Keywords: | ruminants nitrogen utilization nitrogen emission nutrition practices |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
|
