肌肉生长抑制素对骨骼肌作用研究进展

肌肉生长抑制素(MSTN)是转化生长因子β超家族的成员之一,又称生长分化因子8。MSTN主要在骨骼肌中广泛表达,并可在心肌、脂肪、乳腺等多个组织中表达,其作用主要体现在抑制骨骼肌生长发育、诱发肌萎缩等方面。MSTN可以通过多种途径协同作用于骨骼肌,即通过激活TGF-β、p38MAPK、ERK1/2、JNK等信号途径以及抑制IGF-AKT、Wnt信号途径来抑制肌细胞增殖分化;通过调控AKT途径、泛素-蛋白水解酶系统、自噬溶酶体系统来影响骨骼肌蛋白的合成与分解;MSTN还参与了与骨骼肌生成相关的脂肪代谢及骨形成等生理活动。论文重点阐述MSTN在肌细胞增殖分化、肌蛋白合成与分解、脂肪代谢、骨骼发育等方面的作用机制,并对其应用前景进行展望,为相关科学研究提供参考。

Progress on Effects of Myostatin on Skeletal Muscle

Myostatin(MSTN),also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF-8),is a member of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)super family.MSTN is mainly expressed in skeletal muscle as well as other tissues including cardiac muscle,fat,breast,and plays significant roles in inhibiting growth and development of skeletal muscle and inducing muscle atrophy.Recent studies have shown that MSTN may act synergistically on skeletal muscle in different ways.MSTN inhibits proliferation and dif-ferentiation of muscle cells by activating TGF-beta,p38MAPK,ERK1/2,and JNK signaling pathways and IGF-AKT and Wnt signaling pathways,influences synthesis and decomposition of skeletal muscle pro-tein by negative regulation of AKT pathway and regulation of the ubiquitin protease activity and autoph-agy-lysosome system.MSTN also participates in fat metabolism and physiological activities,such as bone formation,related to the generation of skeletal muscle.In this paper,starting with the signaling pathways MSTN acts on,we reviewed the effects of MSTN on proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells,syn-thesis and decomposition of muscle protein,fat metabolism,and skeletal development,and also summa-rized the application prespects of MSTN in order to provide references for further studies.