不同体色翘嘴鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)群体遗传结构研究

采用微卫星分子标记技术分析黄色(HS)、黑斑色(HB)、红纹色(HW) 3个不同体色翘嘴鳜群体的遗传多样性及遗传结构。3个不同体色群体平均观测杂合度在0.540～0.687之间；平均期望杂合度在0.562～0.631之间，各群体均具有较高的遗传多样性。遗传距离、相似度、遗传分化系数、聚类树分析均显示HB与HW群体间遗传关系较近。STRUCTURE群体结构分析显示，3群体被分为2个亚群，HS群体集中在亚群I，HB、HW群体集中在亚群II。30个位点中的大多数位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡，应增加选育群体的有效数量，防止种质衰退。符号检验和Wilcoxon符号秩次检验中HW群体显著或极显著偏离突变-漂移平衡，需进一步扩大选育群体。总体来说，3个不同体色翘嘴鳜群体遗传多样性较高，可作为开发新体色翘嘴鳜品系的基础群体。

Study on genetic structure in different body colour populations of Siniperca chuatsi

In this study, a method of microsatellite marker was used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of three populations of Siniperca chuatsi with three different body colours, yellow (HS), black spot (HB), and red line (HW). The average observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0.540-0.687 and 0.562-0.631, respectively. The results indicated that all the three populations had high genetic diversity. The results based on analysis of genetic distance, genetic similarity, genetic differentiation index, and UPGMA cluster tree showed that the relationship between populations HB and HW was closer than those between other populations. The three populations were clustered into two subpopulations (I and II) by STRUCTURE analysis. Population HS was concentrated in subpopulation I. Populations HB and HW were concentrated in subpopulation II. Most of the thirty loci showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The effective number of breeding populations should be increased to prevent germplasm decay. Significant or extremely significant deviation from mutation-drift equilibrium was observed in population HW through the methods of sign test and Wilcoxon sign-rank test, which indicated that the population HW should to be further expanded. In general, the three populations with high genetic diversity can be used as basic populations for breeding of novel Siniperca chuatsi species.