直播稻专用种衣剂的研制和应用效果初探

对5种基础种衣剂的物理性能指标进行测定,以直播稻适宜的基础种衣剂配以活性成分形成不同配方,用人工包膜的方法包衣直播稻种子,研究包衣处理对直播稻种子发芽、幼苗素质和田间生长的影响.结果表明,基础种衣剂5号是直播稻种子包衣比较理想的基础种衣剂,对种子发芽安全.由此形成的种衣剂配方4、5号包衣处理对直播稻品种嘉育948、中组1号发芽率均无不良影响,并能显著促进幼苗根系生长,降低苗高,提高幼苗脯氨酸含量,明显提高过氧化物酶活性,种衣剂配方5号还能显著提高幼苗叶绿素含量.田间试验表明,种衣剂配方4、5号包衣处理中组1号,能提高田间成秧率,显著降低稻蓟马危害,产量分别比对照增加27.48%和23.52%.次年,两地的田间试验均表明种衣剂配方4号包衣处理能提高中组1号和嘉育948的田间成秧率,显著提高中组1号的产量.

Primary study on the development of special seed coating agents and their application in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivated by direct seeding

Physical properties of five basic seed coating agents were examined in the experiment. The most desirable basic coating agent was selected out for cultivation of rice by direct seeding, followed by addition of different active compounds and various formulae were proposed. The influence of film coating based on these formulae on germination, seedling quality, field growth and development of the directly seeded rice plants were studied. The results indicated that basic coating agent No. 5, which was safe for seed germination of the directly seeded rice, was relatively more ideal than the other agents used. The treatments with coating agent formula No.4 or No.5 showed no inhibitory effect on seed germination. They substantially promoted root growth, reduced shoot height in cultivars Jiayu 948 and Zhongzu No.1,and led to significantly increase in proline content and peroxidase (POD) activity in the seedlings. Coating with agent of the formula No.5 also significantly increased the chlorophyll content of the seedlings. Field experiment showed that the seedling establishments were improved, damage due to rice thrips were remarkably reduced and yields were raised by 27.48% and 23.52% as compared to un-coated controls after cultivar Zhongzu No.1 was treated by coating agent formula No.4 and No.5 respectively. The two-plot field experiments in the following year showed that the treatments with coating agent formula No.4 improved the seedling establishment in Jiayu 948 and Zhongzu No.1 and significantly raised the yield in Zhongzu No.1.