不同类型砧木嫁接对小型西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响

摘要：为研究不同类型砧木嫁接对小型西瓜嫁接成活率、生长、产量和品质的影响,指导西瓜生产,以“超越梦想”为接穗,3种南瓜砧木和3种葫芦砧木为试验对象,以自根苗为对照开展嫁接试验。结果表明：嫁接成活率最高的是京欣砧冠（98%）,其次为甬砧5号（96%）,2者均为葫芦砧木;品质方面,京欣砧冠中心可溶性固形物含量最高,为12.5%,京欣砧4和自根苗均为12.4%,且葫芦砧木优于南瓜砧木;长势和抗病性方面,南瓜砧木比葫芦砧木好;产量方面,京欣砧4小区产量最高,京欣砧冠次之,甬砧5号第3,均显著高于自根苗。综合得出,京欣砧冠、甬砧5号和京欣砧4综合表现较好,可作为优选砧木。

Effects of Different Types of Rootstock Grafting on Growth, Yield and Quality of Small Watermelon

Abstract: In order to study the effects of different types of rootstock grafting on the survival rate, growth, yield and quality of small watermelon grafting, and guide watermelon production, grafting experiments were carried out with ''Chaoyue Mengxiang'' as scion, 3 kinds of pumpkin rootstock and 3 kinds of gourd rootstock as test objects, and self-rooted seedlings as control. The results showed that the highest graft survival rate was ''Jingxin Zhenguan'' (98%), followed by ''Yongzhen No.5'' (96%), which both were gourd rootstocks. In terms of quality, the content of soluble solids in the center of ''Jingxin Zhenguan'' were the highest (12.5%), while those of ''Jingxinzhen 4'' and self-rooted seedlings were all of 12.4%, and gourd rootstocks were better than pumpkin rootstocks. In terms of growth and disease resistance, pumpkin rootstocks were better than gourd rootstocks. In terms of yield, ''Jingxinzhen 4'' had the highest yield, followed by ''Jingxin Zhenguan'' and ''Yongzhen No.5'', all of which were significantly higher than self-rooted seedling. It was concluded that ''Jingxin Zhenguan'' ''Yongzhen No.5'' and ''Jingxinzhen 4'' had good comprehensive performance and could be used as the preferred rootstocks.