北京都市型现代农业发展的现状、问题及对策

经过十几年的快速发展,北京都市型现代农业进入了转型发展期;从产业结构看,传统农业生产规模收缩,休闲农业、创意农业、会展农业蓬勃发展。从产业化经营看,初步形成了以农业龙头企业、农民专业合作组织为引领,集种养、加工、流通于一体的都市农业产业化体系;从生产要素方面看,土地、水、劳动力、化肥等传统生产要素投入总量下降,科技、信息等现代生产要素作用明显。在京津冀区域协同发展和生态文明建设的战略背景下,必须突破资源环境制约、体制机制制约等问题,大力发展节水农业和生态农业,完善农业社会化服务体系,推进休闲农业标准化建设,培育新型农业经营主体;进一步推动农业结构调整,优化农业发展方式,促生新的农业产业形态,推进北京都市型现代农业的创新发展。

Study on the status, problems, and suggestions of urban modern agriculture in Beijing

Urban modern agriculture in Beijing has entered a critical period of transformation after decades of quick development. From the industry structure perspective, the production scale of traditional agriculture has been declining; meanwhile, the leisure agriculture, the creative agriculture, and the exhibition agriculture have flourished. From the industrialized operation perspective, an urban modern integrated agricultural system of planting, breeding, processing, and circulating has been initially formed, which led by industrialized operation and farmer's specialized cooperative organizations. From the input perspective, the traditional inputs including land, water, labor, fertilizer, and other inputs have declined. But technology, information, and other modern production elements have been playing significant roles. In the strategic context of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional collaborative development and the construction of ecological civilization, it is necessary to break through the obstacles such as resource and environmental constraints, institutional mechanism constraints, etc. to vigorously develop water-saving agriculture and ecological agriculture, to complete socialized service system for agriculture, to propose standardization construction of leisure agriculture, and to cultivate new agriculture operating entities. In addition, speeding up the process of structural adjustment for agriculture, optimizing agricultural development way to generate new forms of agricultural industry, encouraging innovation in agriculture are also helpful measures to promote the development of urban modern agriculture in Beijing.