鸡基因组在生物学与农业和医学中的潜在利用

鸡的基因组序列含有大约10亿多碱基对（bp）、20000-23000个基因，这个基因组的很多特性使鸡在生物发生和进化研究中成为了一个理想的生物有机体。鸡基因组的独特结构和鸡基因组序列草图的独特特征为认识脊椎动物进化提供了一个透视的视角，使鸡成为了一个研究生物学的理想生物模型，它们将提高科学对禽类生物学、发育生物学、基础生物科学及医学的认识。运用鸡作为一个全球蛋白质营养源的生物模型和对疾病治疗研究的生物医学模型具有明显的优势，因此，鸡基因组的排序、基因组学工具在生物研究中的利用以及现代选择性育种方案发展的快速进展将会促进鸡基因组在农业和医学中的必然利用。该文将综述鸡基因组的简要独特结构、禽类进化的相关性与在农业与医学中的潜在利用。

Discussion on Implying Applications of Chicken Genome on Biology,Agriculture and Biomedicine

The draft chicken sequence genome contains more than one billion base pairs of DNA sequences and approximate- ly 20 000-23 000 genes. Many features make chicken an ideal organism for studies in development and evolution. The distinctive architecture and unique features of the draft chicken genome sequence provide a perspective on vertebrate evolution,meanwhile, which make chicken an ideal model for studying biology,and a real model for medicinal study of disease treatments. They will improve our understanding of avian biology, developmental biology, the fundamental biological science and medicine. With sequencing of the chicken genome, application of genomic tools to biological studies and rapid advances in the development in modern selective breeding programs, the chicken genome will facilitate the implying application in agriculture and medicine with the obvious merits of the chicken as a model organism for a global protein source and an ideal model for study of medicine. This paper reviews the general unique genome structure, relating avian gene evolution to its implying applications to biological agriculture and biomedicine.