中国与共建“一带一路”国家农业贸易现状及发展策略

摘要：农业贸易是“一带一路”倡议的重要内容，自2013年以来，中国与共建“一带一路”国家间互联互通水平不断提高，农业经济贸易合作不断拓展。与此同时，中国与共建“一带一路”国家间农业合作机制不断完善，农产品贸易规模显著扩大，贸易结构呈现多元化，农业贸易新业态、新模式不断涌现。当前，“一带一路”倡议进入发展新阶段，国际形势日趋复杂，新形势下“一带一路”农业贸易发展面临挑战。从多双边农业合作和区域农业合作方面梳理了中国与共建“一带一路”国家农业合作机制建立情况，总结了10年以来中国与共建“一带一路”国家农业贸易规模、贸易结构、贸易新业态与新模式等方面的发展情况，为进一步深化“一带一路”农业贸易合作，提出了新形势下“一带一路”农业贸易发展有关对策建议，包括搭建多层次多渠道农业经济贸易合作机制，加强政策对接和沟通磋商；构建高水平农业对外开放新格局，扩大农业贸易“朋友圈”；提升农业产业链与供应链韧性，保障重要农产品稳定安全供给。

Status and Development Strategies of Agricultural Trade between China and the Countries along the Belt and Road

Abstract: Agricultural trade is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Since 2013, the level of connectivity between China and the countries along the BRI has been continuously improved, and the trade cooperation of agricultural economy has been continuously expanded. At the same time, the agricultural cooperation mechanisms between China and the countries along the BRI have been continuously improved with a significant expansion in the scale of agricultural product trade. The trade structure has become more diversified, and new formats and modes of agricultural trade have been continuously emerging. Currently, the development of the BRI has entered a new stage, while the international situation is becoming increasingly complex, which causes several challenges to the development of agricultural trade under the new situation of BRI. From the perspectives of multilateral and bilateral agricultural cooperation and regional agricultural cooperation, the establishment of agricultural cooperation mechanisms between China and the countries along the BRI were reviewed, and the development status of agricultural trade scale, trade structure, as well as new formats and new modes of trade between China and the countries along the BRI over the past ten years were summarized. In order to further deepen agricultural trade cooperation of the BRI, countermeasures and suggestions for the development of agricultural trade under the new situation of the BRI were put forward, including building a multi-level and multi-channel trade cooperation mechanism of agricultural economy to strengthen policy alignment and communication, building a new pattern of high-level agricultural opening-up to expand the ''circle of friends'' of agricultural trade, improving the resilience of agricultural industrial chain and supply chain to ensure the stable and secure supply of important agricultural products.