高压电晕电场诱变野生草原黑蘑原生质体的初步研究

摘要：为提高草原黑蘑菌丝体生长速度，采用高压电晕电场诱变技术处理草原黑蘑原生质体，通过设置4、5、6、7 kV的电压，分别进行30、60、90、120、150、180、210、240、270 s的处理，统计致死率，结合拮抗试验，初步筛选快速生长的新型突变菌株。结果显示，电压为6、7 kV时致死率均为100%，电压为4、5 kV时可获得原生质体再生菌落，致死率为8.45%～81.69%，其中4 kV处理150 s时致死率最高，为81.69%，是获得突变菌株的最佳致死条件；通过再生菌落的形态观察及拮抗试验，获得14株突变菌株，经生长量及生长速率的测量，发现诱变菌株生长后期4 kV的电压较5 kV更有利于促进菌丝体的生长量，在4 kV和5 kV处理条件下获得了生长速度较CK提高的11株正向突变菌株。高压电晕电场诱变技术可为草原黑蘑菌种的新品种选育提供参考。

Preliminary Study on Protoplasts of Agaricus bernardii Mutagenesed by High Voltage Corona Electric Field

Abstract: In order to improve the mycelium growth rate of Agaricus bernardii, the protoplast of Agaricus bernardii was treated by high voltage corona electric field. By setting the voltages of 4, 5, 6 kV and 7 kV, the protoplast was treated with 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 s and 270 s, respectively, and the fatality rate was calculated. Combined with the antagonistic test, the rapid growth of new mutant strains were screened out. The results showed that the fatality rates were 100% when the voltage was 6 kV and 7 kV, and the fatality rate was8.45%-81.69% when the voltage was 4 kV and 5 kV, and the fatality rate reached 81.69% at 150 s treated by 4 kV, which was the best fatality condition for obtaining mutant strains. Through morphological observation of regenerated colonies and antagonistic tests, 14 mutant strains were obtained. According to the measurement of growth amount and growth rate, the mutagenic strain was more conductive to promote mycelium growth at the voltage of 4 kV than that of 5 kV at the later stage of growth, and 11 positive mutant strains were obtained under 4 kV and 5 kV treatments, which had the higher growth rate than that of CK. Mutagenesis technology of high voltage corona eletric field could provide reference for the new strain of Agaricus bernardii.