厚皮甜瓜生理性早衰的发生原因及预防措施

摘要：厚皮甜瓜生产中植株早衰的现象日益普遍，影响了产量及品质。早衰分为病理性早衰和生理性早衰，造成厚皮甜瓜生理性早衰的主要原因有逆境胁迫、品种差异、植株营养失衡、内源激素变化及虫害等。从健康生产的角度，提出可以通过选择优良品种和合适地块种植、加强栽培管理、适时播种、合理调整株型和密度、叶面喷施外源激素及适宜水肥管理等措施有效预防厚皮甜瓜的生理性早衰，以保障种植效益。

Causes and Preventive Measures of Physiological Presenility of Thick-skinned Melon

Abstract: The phenomenon of plant presenility is becoming more and more common in the production of thick-skinned melon, which affects the yield and quality. Presenility can be classified into pathological presenility and physiological presenility. The main causes of the presenility of thick-skinned melon are adversity stress, variety differences, plant nutrition imbalance, endogenous hormone changes and pests. From the point of view of safe production, it is proposed that the physiological presenility of thick-skinned melon can be effectively prevented by selecting excellent varieties and planting in suitable land, strengthening cultivation and management measures, sowing in time, adjusting reasonable plant type and density, spraying exogenous hormones on leaves and suitable water and fertilizer management measures, so as to ensure planting benefits.