科尔沁沙地的乡土树种及其保护与利用

科尔沁水地分布着大面积的天然林，乡土树种资源丰富，但是，由于过度开荒和放牧，不重视对天然林和乡土树种的保护和管理，天然林分布面积减少，乡土树种生长衰弱。乡土树种具有比较强的抗旱耐寒特性，在极端干旱和特殊低温年份，没有任何枯干与枯死现象。因此，乡土树种是优良的选种，育种材料，乡土树种又是沙地宝贵的生物基因资源。保护乡土树种就是保护沙地的生态环境。加强是天然林保护，建立自然保护区，对保存珍贵的沙地物种资源具有重要意义。

Local Tree Species in Keerqin Sandy Land and Their Protection and Utilization

There is a large area of natural forest in Keerqin Sandy Land, in which it is rich in local tree species resource. But, it is overreclamation, overgrazing and little attention paid to protection and management of natural forest and local tree species that make the area of natural forest decrease and the growth of local tree species weaken. The local tree species has characteristics of strong droughtresistance and cold endurance. In extreme drought and special lowtemperature years, there is no death for local tree species. So the local tree species are not only good material for seed selection and breeding, but also the precious biological gene resource in sandy land. Protecting local tree species is equal to protecting ecoenvironment in sandy land. It is of important significance for preserving precious species resource in sandy land to strengthen the protection of natural forest and set up natural protection area.