不同农田管理措施旱地玉米土壤水分特征分析

试验研究了不同农田管理措施下旱地玉米的土壤水分特征。结果表明,秸秆整秆全覆盖、微孔地膜覆盖较秸秆粉碎还田和常规种植能提高土壤水分,增加降水的入渗深度,减少土壤耗水量,其顺序为秸秆整秆全覆盖>微孔地膜覆盖>秸秆粉碎还田>常规种植。受基础土壤水分不同和降雨较少的影响,玉米生育前期不同农田管理措施土壤水分差异不大,8月份充足的降水后,各措施充分显示了其蓄水保墒的作用,其中,9月份秸秆整秆全覆盖0~120 cm土壤贮水量为248.2 mm,较常规种植增加32.1 mm;降水入渗深度为120 cm,较常规种植增加25 cm。

Study on Soil Moisture Change under Various Soil Management Measures in Dry Land Maize Field

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of various soil management measures on soil moisture change in dry land maize field.Results showed that maize stalk mulch and perforated plastic film mulch can raise soil moisture,increase infiltration depth of rainfall and reduce soil moisture consumption,compared with fragmented maize stalk for field and open-field planting.The effect of the measures in sequence were maize stalk mulch,perforated plastic film mulch, fragmented maize stalk for field and open-field planting.Influenced by difference of soil moisture at first and less of rainfall,effect of different soil management measures on soil moisture was not significant in the early of growth period of maize.However,different measures had significant effect on storing and preserving water after plenty of rainfall in August.Soil water storage from 0 to 120 cm depth of maize stalk mulch was 248.2 mm,which was 23.1 mm higher than that of open-field planting in September.Infiltration depth of rainfall of maize stalk mulch was 120 cm,which was 25 cm higher than that of open-field planting.