水分胁迫对冬小麦粒叶比及产量构成的影响

摘要：为探讨水分胁迫对冬小麦粒叶比、光合及产量构成的影响，在控制条件下对2个不同类型品种进行了研究，结果表明：在土壤相对含水量50~80%范围内，水分胁迫可导致植株总绿色面积显著降低，其中叶器官降低幅度最大，穗器官降低幅度最小，当土壤水分达到70%以上无显著差异；水分胁迫可大幅度提高小麦的粒叶比，但并非越高越好，应稳定在27 mg?cm-2左右，绿源比稳定在11.5 mg?cm-2左右产量最高；胁迫使旗叶叶绿素含量和光合速率降低；适当水分胁迫虽然可提高经济系数和千粒重，但生物产量和经济产量仍然以80%的最高，胁迫导致减产的主要原因是降低了单位面积穗数，其次是粒重，对粒数的影响最小。

Effects of Grain-leaf Ratio and Yield Components of Winter Wheat under Water Stress

In order to investigate the water stress on winter wheat grain-leaf ratio, photosynthesis and yield components, I studied two different types of species under the condition of the control. The results showed that： water stress can be led the total green area of the plant to a significant reduction in the soil relative water content range of 50%-80%. The largest decrease is leaf organs. Pseudorasbora is the smallest decrease organ. When the soil moisture over 70% there was no significant difference. Water stress can greatly improve wheat grain-leaf ratio, but not the higher the better. The grain-leaf ratio should be stabilized at about 27 mg/cm^2; grain-source ratio should be stabilized at about 11.5 mg/cm^2. The flag leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate should be reduced under water stress. The highest biological production and economic output are the 80% of the soil moisture, although appropriate water stress may well enhance the economic factor and the weight. The reduction under the water panicle, followed by the weight of tablets, and then the stress is mainly due to the reduction of per unit area of impact of the smallest is grains.