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Comparative pharmacokinetics of fenbendazole in buffalo and cattle
Authors:M R Knox  P M Kennedy  D R Hennessy  J W Steel  L F Le Jambre
Institution:(1) CSIRO Division of Animal Health, Pastoral Research Laboratory, 2350 Armidale, NSW;(2) CSIRO Division of Tropical Animal Production, Long Pocket Laboratories, 4068 Indooroopilly, Qld;(3) CSIRO Division of Animal Health, McMaster Laboratory, 2037 Glebe, NSW, Australia
Abstract:Swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and Droughtmaster cattle (Bos indicus × B. taurus), fitted with gastrointestinal cannulae, were dosed intraruminally with fenbendazole at 7.5 mg/kg liveweight, together with a chromium oxide capsule and a pulse dose of NaCoEDTA, to estimate the flow dynamics of the digesta in the rumen and duodenum. The concentrations of fenbendazole (FBZ) metabolites were measured in plasma and duodenal fluid collected over 120 h. In plasma, significantly lower peak concentrations and earlier disappearance of FBZ and its sulphoxide (OFZ) metabolite were observed in buffalo, which considerably reduced systemic availability in comparison with cattle. The availability of OFZ in the duodenal fluid of buffalo was significantly lower, whereas FBZ disposition was similar to that in cattle. The turnover rate of fluid in the rumen was higher in buffalo than in cattle, while the flow parameters for other digesta were similar in the two species. It is concluded that the decreased absorption of drug in buffalo was attributable to the shorter residence time of the dose in the rumen, and probably in the entire gastrointestinal tract. This may reduce the efficacy of treatment and indicate the need for higher dose rates for benzimidazole anthelmintics in buffalo than in cattle.Abbreviations AAS atomic absorption spectroscopy - AUC area under the concentration-versus-time curve - C max maximum concentration - FBZ fenbendazole - FBZ.SO2 fenbendazole sulphone - HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography - OFZ fenbendazole sulphoxide
Keywords:absorption  availability  benzimidazole  buffalo  cattle  fenbendazole  pharmacokinetics
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