农田径流氮磷污染负荷的田间施肥控制效应

由施肥不当造成的农田N、P污染物径流输出是农业非点源污染的主要问题。采用模拟实验的方法，研究了不同施肥方法、不同肥料配方对土壤地表径流N、P流失的影响。结果表明，合理而有效的施肥方法可以作为农田地表径流N、P污染的田间控制技术。合理的基肥比例及追肥次数，适当的种植密度及适量的N肥、P肥，既可提高白菜产量，同时又降低径流中N、P的流失量；不同改性肥料配方可以调控农田径流N、P的污染负荷。

Effect of Fertilizer Application on Controlling Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution Loading from Farmland Runoff

Fertilizer application plays an important role in nitrogen and phosphorus pollution from farmland runoff. By means of simulation test, the effects of different fertilizer application methods, different compound fertilizers on the farmland nitrogen and phosphorus losses were studied in this paper. The result showed that rational fertilizer application could control nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loading from farmland runoff. The rational ratio between base fertilizer and top application, proper plant-growing density, moderate fertilizer application quantities could reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loss and heighten cabbage yield; The different compound fertilizers and improvement fertilizers could control nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loading from farmland runoff.