犬种布鲁氏菌研究进展

犬种布鲁氏菌属于6个经典种布鲁氏菌之一,为天然粗糙型,毒力较弱。长期以来,由于犬种布鲁氏菌对人类致病性较低,其危害一直被忽视。自1966年在美国发现该菌以来,已传播至世界多地。近年来,随着养犬业的不断发展及宠物犬数量的增多,犬布鲁氏菌病发病率不断上升,在某些地区已成为流行性疫病,且对人类公共卫生安全的威胁也日益加重。目前,犬种布鲁氏菌感染导致的犬布鲁氏菌病尚无可靠的诊断方法及有效的疫苗。鉴于此,在查阅相关文献的基础上,笔者对犬种布鲁氏菌的病原学、流行病学、致病机理、检测方法、疫苗研究等方面的相关研究进展进行综述,以期为犬布鲁氏菌病的深入研究和防控提供参考。

Research Progress on Brucella canis

Brucella canis is one of the six classical species of Brucella. It is a natural rough type with weak virulence. For a long time, the harm of Brucella canis has been ignored because of its low pathogenicity to human. Since it was found in the United States in 1966, it has spread to many places in the world. With the continuous development of the kennel industry and the increasing number of pet dogs, the incidence rate of canine brucellosis caused by Brucella canis has been increasing. In some areas, it has become an epidemic disease, and the threat to the public health security of human society is also increasing. There is no reliable diagnosis and effective vaccine for canine brucellosis caused by Brucella canis. In view of this, on the basis of consulting the relevant literature, this paper reviewed the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism, test method, vaccine of Brucella canis, in order to provide meaningful reference for the prevention and control of canine brucellosis caused by Brucella canis.