延边黄牛UCP2、UCP3基因多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析

试验旨在探究延边黄牛解耦联蛋白2（uncoupling protein 2，UCP2）和解耦联蛋白3（uncoupling protein 3，UCP3）基因多态性及其与生长性状的相关性。以120头24月龄的延边黄牛为试验对象，提取血液基因组DNA后构建混池，运用DNA测序法对UCP2、UCP3基因进行测序分析，应用高分辨率熔解曲线分型技术对延边黄牛UCP2、UCP3基因进行分型检测，并结合生长性状数据进行关联分析。结果显示，在24月龄延边黄牛群体中，UCP2基因53 412 568 bp处存在C>G突变（g.53412568 C>G），产生2个等位基因：C和G，形成3种基因型：CG （0.358）、GG （0.125）和CC （0.516）；UCP3基因53 443 536 bp处存在C>T突变（g.53443536 C>T），产生2个等位基因：C和T，形成3种基因型：CT （0.383）、CC （0.450）和TT （0.167）。关联分析显示，UCP2基因g.53412568 C>G位点CC基因型体重、腰角宽均显著高于GG基因型，CG基因型个体背高显著高于GG基因型（P<0.05）；UCP3基因g.53443536 C>T位点CC基因型胸围显著高于TT基因型（P<0.05）。以上结果表明，UCP2和UCP3基因在延边黄牛生长发育过程中起到一定作用，可为延边黄牛现代分子育种后续研究提供参考。

Polymorphism of UCP2 and UCP3 Genes and Its Association with Growth Traits in Yanbian Yellow Cattle

The purpose of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) genes and its association with growth traits in Yanbian Yellow cattle. 120 Yanbian Yellow cattle aged 24 months were used as experimental subjects, construction of mixed DNA pool after extracting blood genomic DNA. UCP2 and UCP3 genes were sequenced and analyzed by DNA sequencing method, the genotyping of UCP2 and UCP3 genes were detected by high resolution melting curve, and the correlation analysis were conducted with growth traits. The results showed that UCP2 gene at 53 412 568 bp had C>G mutation (g. 53412568 C>G) and two alleles of C and G, which formed three genotypes of CG(0.358), GG(0.125) and CC(0.516). UCP3 gene at 53 443 536 bp had C>T mutation (g. 53443536 C>T) and two alleles of C and T, which formed three genotypes of CT(0.383), CC(0.450) and TT(0.167). Correlation analysis showed that the body weight and hip width of CC genotype of UCP2 gene g. 53412568 C>G were significantly higher than those of GG genotype, and the back height of CG genotype was significantly higher than that of GG genotype (P<0.05). The chest circumference of CC genotype individuals of UCP3 gene g. 53443536 C>T was significantly higher than that of TT genotype (P<0.05). In conclusion, UCP2 and UCP3 genes played a certain role in the growth and development of Yanbian Yellow cattle, which could be used as a reference for the research of modern molecular breeding of Yanbian Yellow cattle in the future.