饲粮添加发酵枣粉对高温季节荷斯坦公牛生长性能、免疫性能和抗氧化性能的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加发酵枣粉对高温季节荷斯坦公牛行为、生长性能、抗氧化性能、免疫性能的影响.试验选取60头4～6月龄体重(200.00±30.28)kg]相近的健康荷斯坦公牛,随机分成4组,每组15头,分别饲喂含0(C组)、5％(L组)、10％(M组)、15％(H组)发酵枣粉的等能等氮的饲粮.预试期7 d,正试期9...

Effects of Dietary Fermented Jujube Powder on Growth Performance,Immune Performance and Antioxidant Performance of Holstein Bulls during Hot Season

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary jujube fermented feed on growth performance,antioxidant performance and immune performance in dairy bulls under hot season. Sixty healthy 4 to 6-month Holstein bulls with similar body weight of(200.00 ±30.28)kg were randomly into four groups with 15 bulls in each group,the bulls were diets supplemented with 0(group C group),5%(group L),10%(group M)or 15%(group H)of jujube fermented feed,respectively. The experimental adaptation period was7 d and experimental period was 90 d. The results showed as follows:1)when temperature-humidity index(THI)<78,the respiration of rate decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the respiratory frequency decreased linearly with the increase of fermented jujube powder. When 570.05),but the average daily gain in group H was significantly lower than that in the other three groups(P<0.05). The body height of dairy bulls in group L and group M was significantly higher than that in group C and group H(P<0.05). 3)The apparent digestibility of crude protein in group M was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude fat increased linearly with the increase of jujube powder(P<0.001). 4)On the 30 th day of the experiment,the content of serum triiodothyronine(T3)in group H was significantly higher than that in group C(P<0.05),and the content of serum T3 increased linearly with the increase of fermented jujube powder(P = 0.017). The content of serum total protein(TP)in group M was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and showed a secondary increasing trend with the increase of fermented jujube powder. The content of serum urea nitrogen(UN)showed a secondary downward trend with the increase of fermented jujube powder(P = 0.010).On the 90 th day of the experiment,the content of serum heat shock factor-1(HSF-1)in the groups M and H was significantly higher than that in the group C(P<0.05). 5)On the 30 th day of the experiment,the content of serum interleukin-1(IL-1)and interleukin-6(IL-6)decreased significantly in the group M(P<0.05),and the serum immunoglobulin A(IgA)content in the group H was significantly higher than that in the other three groups(P<0.05). On the 90 th day,the serum IL-1 content in the groups M and H was significantly lower than that in the group C(P<0.05). With the increase of jujube powder addition,the serum IgA content increased linearly(P = 0.019). 6)The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in serum increased linearly with the increase of fermented jujube powder in the 30 th day of the experiment(P = 0.137);on the 90 th day of the experiment,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione catalase(GSH-Px)and T-AOC in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the content of malonaldehyde(MDA)in serum was significantly decreased(P<0.05). In conclusion,the addition of 10% fermented jujube powder can strengthen the growth performance,reduce respiratory frequency,increase lying rate,improve immune performance,and enhance the antioxidant performance of dairy bull.Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):1027-1039]