加工工艺和湿态发酵豆粕添加水平对肉鸡颗粒饲料质量、生长性能和抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究加工工艺和湿态发酵豆粕添加水平及其交互作用对肉鸡颗粒饲料质量、生长性能、抗氧化能力以及肠道组织形态的影响。采用2×3双因素试验设计，加工工艺为普通调质制粒(NCP)工艺和高温调质低温制粒(HCLP)工艺；湿态发酵豆粕的添加水平为0、5%和10%。试验选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡480只，按照体重相近原则随机分为6个组，每组8个重复，每个重复10只鸡(公母各占1/2)。试验期42 d，分为前期(1～21日龄)和后期(22～42日龄)2个阶段。结果表明：1)与NCP工艺相比，HCLP工艺显著提高肉鸡前期料和后期料的淀粉糊化度、颗粒耐久性(PDI)和颗粒硬度(P<0.05)；随着饲粮湿态发酵豆粕添加水平的提高，肉鸡后期料PDI显著提高(P<0.05)；加工工艺和湿态发酵豆粕添加水平对肉鸡前期料颗粒硬度以及后期料淀粉糊化度和PDI有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。2)与NCP工艺相比，HCLP工艺显著提高肉鸡1～21日龄平均日增重(P<0.05)；肉鸡1～21日龄、22～42日龄和1～42日龄料重比随着饲粮湿态发酵豆粕添加水平的提高而显著降低(P<...

Effects of Processing Technology and Wet Fermented Soybean Meal Supplemental Levels on Pellet Feed Quality,Growth Performance and Antioxidant Capability of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of processing technology and wet fermented soybean meal supplemental levels,and their interaction on pellet feed quality,growth performance,antioxidant capacity and intestinal morphology of broilers. A 2×3 two-factor experimental design was adopted. Two processing technology methods were normal conditioning and pelleting(NCP)and high-temperature conditioning and low-temperature pelleting(HCLP). The supplemental levels of wet fermented soybean meal were 0,5%and 10%. A total of 480 Arbor Acres(AA)broilers of one-day-old were randomly divided into 6 groups with8 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate(half male and half female)according to the principle of similar body weight. The experiment lasted for 42 days and was divided into two stages as early stage(1 to 21 days of age)and late stage(22 to 42 days of age). The results showed as follows:1)compared with NCP technology,HCLP technology significantly increased the starch gelatinization degree,pellet durability index(PDI)and pellet hardness of the early and late feed for broilers(P<0.05). The PDI of the late feed for broilers was significantly increased with the increase of wet fermented soybean meal supplemental level(P<0.05).The interaction between processing technology and wet fermented soybean meal supplemental level had a significant effect on the pellet hardness of the early feed and starch gelatinization degree and PDI of the late feed for broilers(P<0.05). 2)Compared with NCP technology,HCLP technology significantly increased the average daily gain of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age(P<0.05). The feed to gain ratio(F/G)of broilers from 1 to21,22 to 42 and 1 to 42 days of age was significantly decreased with the increase of wet fermented soybean meal supplemental level(P<0.05). The interaction between processing technology and wet fermented soybean meal supplemental level had a significant effect on the average daily feed gain of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age(P<0.05). 3)Compared with NCP technology,HCLP technology significantly reduced the redness in breast muscle of broilers(P<0.05). The interaction between processing technology and wet fermented soybean meal supplemental level had a significant effect on the lightness in leg muscle of broilers(P<0.05). 4)The serum activities of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase and catalase of broilers were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the serum malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased with the increase of wet fermented soybean meal level(P<0.05),which indicated that wet fermented soybean meal could improve the antioxidant capability of broilers. The interaction between processing technology and wet fermented soybean meal supplemental level had a significant effect on the antioxidant capability of broilers(P<0.05). 5)Compared with NCP technology,HCLP technology significantly increased the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V/C)in jejunum and ileum of broilers(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the crypt depth and increased the V/C in duodenum(P<0.05). The villus height and V/C in duodenum,jejunum and ileum of broilers were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the crypt depth was significantly decreased with the increase of wet fermented soybean meal level(P<0.05). The crypt depth and V/C in duodenum and jejunum,as well as the villus height in jejunum and ileum,were significantly influenced by the interaction between processing technology and wet fermented soybean meal supplemental level(P<0.05). In conclusion,dietary5% to 10% wet fermented soybean meal with HCLP technology can improve the pellet feed quality,growth performance,antioxidant capacity and intestinal morphology of broilers.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(2):908-923]