海岛棉突变系体细胞培养及植株再生研究

采用埃及海岛棉辐射突变系226、188、197和埃及棉吉扎69的下胚轴为外植体,接种子改良的 MS 培养基(MS 无机盐+B_5有机元素)上,补加不同外源激素诱导愈伤组织和分化,然后经过悬浮培养,获得大量胚状体。经过重复实验,226、197能够产生大量胚状体,胚状体的发生频率分别为90%和70%左右,发生指数3.0和2.0。最适诱导培养基为改良 MS+2,4-D 0.05mg/L+KT 0.1mg/L,最适继代次数3～5次,其中需要在 IAA 1mg/L+ZT 0.1mg/L 培养基中继代2次。分化培养基为 MS+KT 1mg/L+NAA 4mg/L。然后选择淡黄或灰白松散的愈伤组织接种到悬浮培养基MS+KT 0.05mg/L 中,培养15～20d,即产生大量胚状体和胚性细胞团。在不加激素的培养基上,胚状体萌发成苗生根。对不同状态愈伤组织的过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶进行分析表明,其酶活性和谱带差异较明显。

THE SOMATIC CULTURE AND PLANTLETS REGENERATION FROM LONG-FIBRE COTTON MUTANT LINES

Hypocotyls from three stable long-fibre cotton mutant strains(226,188 and 197)selected from Egypt long fibre cotton variety"Ashmouni",Which was irradiated with ~(60)Co γ-rays and E- gypt cotton variety"Gi za 69"are used as explant and cultured in an improved MS medium(MS inorganic elements+B_5 organic elements).It is found that 226 and 197 are eligible culture geno- types with the embryoid emergence rate of 90% and 70%,embryiod emergence index of 3.0 and 2.0,respectively.The best culture procedure and condition have been set up.Either IAA or NAA is essential for the emergence of embryoid and suspension culture is critical for emergence of embryoid in large quantities.The PAGE pattern of esterase and peroxidase isoenzymes of cal- li are found significantly different in enzyme activity at various status.