添加氮素化合物对天竺桂废弃枝叶分解的影响

采用添加氮素化合物的方法对天竺桂废弃枝叶进行促进分解试验。结果表明,废弃枝叶分解过程中的真菌个体数量随分解时间的不同而变化,不同处理间的真菌个体数量无显著差异,各处理不同分解时间真菌个体数量存在极显著差异。真菌类群数量随分解时间的不同而变化,总体上随废弃枝叶分解进程呈增加趋势。在废弃枝叶分解试验中共分离出16个真菌类群,其中黑灰球菌属(Bovista)、共头霉属(Syncephalastrum)、刺座霉属(Volutella)、小克银汉霉属(Cunninghamella)和锁霉属(Itersonilia)为优势真菌类群。在枝叶分解初期(0~30 d)p H值增高(p H值8.22~8.88),使得微生物在高温分解阶段拥有高的分解能力,随后总体上呈下降趋势。堆料含水量相较于初始含水量变化不大,堆料的含水量保持在56%~71%之间,使微生物能保持较大的分解能力。添加碳酸氢铵和尿素处理后7~14 d的堆体温度维持在50~56℃之间,高于水处理的堆体温度(46~51.5℃),表明堆体处在枝叶分解的高温快速发酵阶段,添加碳酸氢铵和尿素处理后堆料的微生物活性更强。综合试验结果表明,在天竺桂废弃枝叶分解过程中添加氮素化合物,可增强分解微生物的活性,对废弃枝叶的分解有一定的促进作用。

Effects of adding nitrogen compound on waste branch leaves decomposition of Cinnamomum japonicum

The treatments of adding nitrogen compound on the decomposition of waste branch and leave of Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb. were investigated. The results indicated that the number of fungi isolated from samples changed obviously with time. There was no significant difference in the fungal quantity between different treatments while existting significant difference in different decomposition stage. The quantity of fungal genera varied and generally showed increase trend with time. Sixteen fungal genera were isolated and identified from samples of waste branch and leave during decomposition, and Bovista, Syncephalastrum, Volutella, Cunninghamella and Itersonilia were the predominant fungal genera. The pH value increased to a high range from 8.22 to 8.88 during the early decomposition stage ( 0-30 d ) which made microbes had a high decomposition ability to organic materials in high-temperature decomposing period, then decrease in the later stage. The moisture changed little compared with initial moisture contents ranged between 56% and 71% which made microbes had a high decomposition ability during decomposing. The temperature of piles treated by adding nitrogen compounds ( ammonium bicarbonate and urea) ranged from 50 to 56℃ that were higher than that of water treatment in a value of 46 to 51.5℃ after 7-14 d which showed that the microbial activity of nitrogen compound treatment were higher than that of water treatment in high-temperature decomposing period. In conclusion, the microbial activity of groups treated by adding nitrogen compound showed a stronger vigor which had a promoting effect on the decomposition of waste branch and leave of C. japonicum.