免耕播种机漏播补偿系统设计与试验

针对免耕播种机作业时存在漏播问题,设计了一种漏播自动补偿系统,建立了补偿装置驱动的数学模型,应用滑模变结构控制算法设计了补偿系统控制器,并对补偿系统的动态响应性能进行了仿真分析。通过补种控制算法,确定了补种机构与主排种器的距离S和离地高度H,得到了补种排种盘转速n和播种机行进速度v_m、粒距L_l之间的关系曲线,对排种器安装高度H、粒距L_l、传送带速度v_m进行了二次回归正交试验,验证了漏播补偿系统的补种性能。台架试验的最佳工况组合为,补种排种器安装高度15.33 cm、粒距25.16 cm、传送带速度3.52 km/h时,补种成功率可达96.5%。田间试验表明,安装漏播补偿系统后,免耕播种机播种合格率均值为98.72%,有效提高了播种质量。

Design and Test on No-tillage Planter Reseeding System for Miss-seeding

An adaptive miss-seeding reseed device of no-tillage planter was developed to solve miss-seeding problems when working, and the mathematical model of the reseed device driver was established to implement the simulation analysis on the dynamic response performance of the compensation system device. Through the reseeding control algorithm, the distance (S) of reseeding device to main seed-metering device and the height (H) of seed-metering device to ground were determined and the relationship curves among reseed-metering plate speed (n), the seeding machine moving speed (vm) and the seed distance(Ll) were achieved, which further achieved the self-adaption performance of the reseeding machine. The bench test results on reseeding detection accuracy showed that the miss-seeding detection accuracy was 93.23%, the rate of reseeding of the system was 95.11%, the actual reseeding rate of reseeding was 91.95%, the detection error rate was 3.16%, the reseeding success rate of the system was 96.38%, the actual reseeding success rate was 89.89%, and the detection error rate was 6.49%. The tests of quadratic orthogonal regression on the height (H) of seed-metering device to ground, the seed distance (Ll) and the seeding machine moving speed (vm) showed that the performance of the reseeding device was the best with the height (H) of seed-metering device to ground of 15.33cm, the seed distance (Ll) of 25.16cm and the seeding machine moving speed (vm) of 3.52km/h, and the reseeding success rate was 96.5%. The field test results on reseeding performance showed that the average seeding qualification rate was 98.72%, which had an increase of 4.56% at speed of 3km/h to 6km/h. The research effectively improved the seeding quality and also provided reference for further study on seeding performance improvement of no-tillage planter as well as the promotion of agriculture mechanization level with information technology.