县域耕地后备资源与规划期内数量质量并重的占补平衡分析

耕地后备资源是耕地的重要补充来源,在耕地占补平衡中具有重要作用,但在补充耕地能力上长期存在偏主观、重数量等情况。利用国土部新一轮耕地后备资源调查评价试点县成果,在新增耕地系数和等级折算系数的基础上提出了耕地数量与耕地数量质量并重的平衡测算方法,分析县域规划期内实现耕地占补平衡的能力。以湖南省沅江市为例,测算至2020年实现数量平衡和数量质量平衡需开发的耕地后备资源面积。结果显示,满足耕地数量平衡需开发耕地后备资源面积为1 083.37 hm2;满足数量质量并重平衡,最低需开发耕地后备资源面积1 083.37 hm2,最高需开发1 351.65 hm2。通过测算,沅江市耕地后备资源开发可满足县域耕地占补数量、质量平衡的需要,但存在较大压力,尤以数量质量并重平衡为甚。因此,明晰县域耕地后备资源补充耕地的能力有利于合理安排新增建设项目,确保实现土地利用总体规划保护耕地的目标。

Analysis on county based reserved resource for cultivated land and quality-quantity requisition-compensation balance in planning period

Abstract: Reserved resource for cultivated land is an important supplement to cultivated land, and it plays an important role in requisition-compensation balance, however, it has disadvantages of subjectiveness and emphasizing on quantity in cultivated land supplement. It is necessary to play the role of farmland reserve resources to replenish cultivated land for the realization of the goal of farmland protection in the overall planning period of county land use. Data used for study are from the results of the new round of 'survey and evaluation of reserved resource for cultivated land'. A balancing method, which focused on both quantity and quality and was based on the ratio of added cultivated land and grade conversion coefficient, were proposed to analyze the capability of requisition-compensation balance in the planning period. And we analyzed the capacity to achieve the balance of arable land in the county planning period. The coefficient of newly increased cultivated land was developed by the weighted average of the newly cultivated land rate. The conversion coefficient of requisition and compensation of arable land is based on the national unified research results of arable land's requisition compensation balance according to grade conversion coefficient from Land Resources and Land Rehabilitation Center. Taking Yuanjiang City, Hunan Province as an example, we calculated the area of reserved resource for cultivated land needed for realizing both quantitative and qualitative balance. According to the "Yuanjiang City land use overall planning (during 2006-2020)", the new construction area of farmland was expected to not more than 899.2 hm2 until 2020, the quality of new construction occupation of cultivated land focused on the level of 1-5, whose composition ratios were 40.61%, 16.15%, 22.73%, 18.8% and 1.72%, respectively. The reserved resource area of cultivated land in Yuanjiang City was 1 744.14 hm2, of which 1 447.64 hm2 cultivated land can be added after the correction of the coefficient of newly cultivated land. Results showed that 1083.37 hm2 of reserved resource for cultivated land should be developed to meet the requirement of quantity balance of cultivated land. When the quality of cultivated land was at the level of 1-5, the minimum development area was 1 083.37 hm2, and the highest was 1 473.39 hm2, while according to the composition of quality grade of cultivated land, at least 1 083.37 hm2 of reserved resource for cultivated land should be developed to meet the requirement of quantity-quality balance, and 1 351.65 hm2 for the maximum. According to the area of the remaining arable land reserved, cultivated land development can last at most for 5 a, and at least for 2 a. Through analyzing, we find that the total area of reserved cultivated land in Yuanjiang city can meet the requirement of requisition-compensation balance which focuses on both quantity and quality. But there is a big pressure on requisition-compensation balance, especially on the quantity-quality balance. Therefore, to know the capability of requisition-compensation balance is in favor of planning construction project reasonably and reaching the goal of cultivated land protection targeted in the overall plan of land utilization.