干旱胁迫对甘蔗生理影响的研究

在大田干旱胁迫下，甘蔗叶片水分状况恶化，自由水含量和相对含水量降低，而束缚水含量提高。耐旱性弱的品种Ｃｏ６３０４和Ｙ．Ｔ．５７—４２３水分恶化严重，在７—８月和１０—１１月连续干旱３０和５０天后，高旱区分别达到中度胁迫或严重胁迫程度，而在同等胁迫条件下耐旱品种Ｇ．Ｔ．１１和ＮＣｏ３１０仅为轻度胁迫。研究还表明：干旱胁迫下，脂质过氧化作用加剧，质膜透性增加，耐旱性弱的品种变化尤为明显，因此可以利用膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛含量和质膜透性变化作为甘蔗耐旱的鉴定指标。最后本文还探讨了干旱胁迫下脯氨酸含量变化，认为可以利用其变化的相对值作为种质耐旱鉴定生理参数。

Studies on the Effect of Water Deficits on Physiology in Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum, L.)

Water status in the leaves of sugarcane has steadly deterioated in the severedrought field than those in the faddy and mild-drought field,which is the the decrease of the content of free - water and relative water and the increase of the bound -water content.These changes were consistent with the drought-resistance in cultivars. After 30 days and 50 days water deficits in June-August and Oct. -Nov.respectively, Co6304 and Yuetang 57- 423 with drought sensitivity, whose water status were critically worsen,reached moderate or severe degree of drought stress. However,Guitang 11 and Nco310 with drought-resistance only reached slight degree. Besides these,the report herein showed that water deficits resulted in aggravating membrane lipid -peroxidation and increasing plasma permeability,especially in the drought sensitive cultivars. Thus the MDA (one of the product from membrane -lipid peroxidation) content and the change of plasma permeability could be considered as the determining indicators for drought-reistance. In the end,we also studied the change of proline content under water deficit in this report and suggested that its increment could also be used as the physiological parameter for identifying the drought-resistance in Sugarcane.