纵轴流联合收割机切流脱粒分离装置的研制与试验

为了分析纵轴流联合收割机切流脱粒分离装置的脱粒分离性能，在自行研制的纵轴流脱粒分离清选试验台上，对钉齿和刀形齿切流脱粒分离装置进行了台架试验，测定了切流脱粒滚筒、强制喂入轮以及纵轴流复脱滚筒的功耗，分析切流脱粒分离装置的结构和运动参数对籽粒脱粒性能的影响。试验结果表明，切流脱粒分离装置的籽粒脱净率范围约为67.19%～82.37%，功耗约占脱粒总功耗的20%，刀形齿式切流脱粒滚筒消耗的功率较少，采用切流与纵轴流组合式脱粒分离装置的小麦脱净率均能达到99.90%以上，夹带损失率小于0.25%，配置刀形齿式切流脱粒滚筒的切流与纵轴流脱粒分离装置的总功耗较少，强制喂入轮和纵轴流复脱滚筒的功耗分别约占脱粒总功耗的14%和66%，研究结果对纵轴流联合收割机的研制具有指导意义。

Development and experiments on tangential flow threshing and separating device of axial flow combine

For analyzing the threshing and separating performance of tangential flow threshing and separating unit of axial flow combine, the threshing, separating and cleaning test-bed of axial flow was developed. Spike tooth and knife tooth were applied to the tangential flow threshing and separating unit. The power consumption of tangential flow threshing cylinder,force-feeding drum and axial flow cylinder were experimentally measured. The effects of structure and motion parameters of tangential flow threshing and separating unit on threshing performance were studied. The experimental results showed that threshing rate of tangential flow threshing and separating unit was in the range of about 67.19%-82.37%, and its power consumption accounted for about 20% of total threshing power consumption, the power consumption of tangential flow unit using knife tooth was lower than that using spike tooth, the threshing rate of tangential-axial flow threshing and separating test-bed was higher than 99.90%, the entrainment loss ratio was less than 0.25% for wheat harvest. The power consumption of tangential-axial flow threshing and separating unit using tangential flow threshing cylinder of knife tooth was lower than that using tangential flow threshing cylinder of spike tooth. The force-feeding drum and axial flow threshing cylinder accounted for about 14% and 66% of total threshing power consumption, respectively. The results provide guidance for the development of axial flow combine.