玉米杂交组合萌发期和苗期抗旱性评价

以45个玉米杂交组合为材料,利用20%PEG-6000溶液分别在萌发期和苗期模拟干旱胁迫,萌发期主要考察发芽率、发芽势等7个指标,苗期考察株高、根冠比等9个指标。利用主成分分析和隶属函数法分析萌发期和苗期的抗旱性表现,探讨2个时期的综合抗旱性。结果表明,根据萌发期抗旱性可将供试组合分为4类,瑞玉617等2个组合属于强抗旱型,正红6号等16个属于抗旱型,正红507等23个属于中等抗旱型,ZH719等4个属于干旱敏感型。根据苗期抗旱性可分为3类,ZH733等9个属于抗旱型,正红412等34个属于中等抗旱型,ZH606等2个属于干旱敏感型。根据芽苗期综合抗旱性可分为抗旱、中等抗旱和干旱敏感3类,其中,瑞玉617等14个组合抗旱,正红613等28个中等抗旱,ZH719等3个干旱敏感。分析认为,同时对玉米杂交组合的萌发期和苗期进行抗旱性评价更具有实践指导意义,更有利于针对性地选择适宜播种条件及苗期抗旱管理。

Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Maize Hybrid Combination at Germination and Seedling Stages

Forty-five maize hybrid combinations as research materials and 20% PEG-6000 solution were used to simulate drought stress at germination and seedling stages, of which 7 indicators such as germination rate and germinability were investigated at germination stage, and 9 indicators such as plant height and root-shoot ratio were investigated at seedling stage. Principal component analysis and membership function were used to analyze drought resistance performance and explore the comprehensive drought resistance at the germination and seedling stages. The results showed that the test combinations can be divided into 4 categories according to the resistance at germination stage, including, 2 test combinations belong to strong drought resistance type such as Ruiyu617, 16 belong to drought resistance type such as Zhenghong006, 23 belong to medium drought resistance type such as Zhenghong507, and 4 belong to drought sensitivity type such as ZH719; According to the drought resistance at seedling stage, the test combinations can be divided into 3 categories, including, 9 belong to drought resistance type such as ZH733, 34 belong to medium drought resistance type such as Zhenghong412, and 2 belong to drought sensitivity type such as ZH606. According to the comprehensive drought resistance at germination and seedling stages, the test combinations can be divided into 3 categories: drought resistance, medium drought resistance and drought sensitivity, including, 14 belong to drought resistance type such as Ruiyu617, 28 test combinations belong to medium drought resistance type such as Zhenghong613, and 3 belong to drought sensitivity type such as ZH719. The analysis has concluded that it is of more practical guiding significance to evaluate the drought resistance of the maize hybrid combination at germination and seedling stages at the same time, which is beneficial to the selection of suitable sowing conditions and drought resistance management at seedling stage specifically.