北方春玉米施肥现状及节肥潜力

依据文献资料以及农户调研数据,对北方玉米种植区的施肥现状和节肥潜力进行分析.调研数据表明,在当前北方玉米区平均玉米产量为9894 kg/hm2水平下,养分投入总量平均为512 kg/hm2,纯氮(N)投入总量为307 kg/hm2,纯磷(P2O5)投入总量为137 kg/hm2,纯钾(K2O)投入总量为68 kg/hm...

Fertilizer Application in Maize Production in Northern China: Current Status and Fertilization Optimal Potential

Through data mining and farmer investigation, the current fertilization application situation and fertilizer saving potential in northern maize planting areas were analyzed. Farmer investigation indicates that, under the average yield level of 9894 kg/ha in the northern maize region, the application amount of N, P₂O₅ and K²O is 307, 137, and 68 kg/ha respectively, with the total amount of 512 kg/ha. The partial fertilizer productivity for N, P₂O₅, and K²O is 33, 78, 135 kg/kg, respectively. IBased on the optimized PFP values of N, P₂O₅, and K²O, the average application rate for P₂O₅, and K²O is recommended to be 193, 86 and 60 kg/ha, respectively. Under the optimized fertilizer input, the overall saving potential for nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizer in total is 34%. The saving potential of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer is both 37%. The saving potential of Potassium fertilizer is 12%. Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer input should be reduced in all regions to different degrees, among which Shanxi province has the highest nitrogen saving potential(53%) and Heilongjiang province has the highest phosphate saving potential (50%). The potassium fertilizer saving potential is 26%-41% in Jilin, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang. While in Heilongjiang, Shanxi, and Gansu provinces, some more potassium fertilizers are required.