寄主伤口对桔小实蝇产卵行为的影响

桔小实蝇是一种寄主广泛、危害严重的果蔬害虫,寄主表面的伤口对其产卵行为有较大的影响。为明确寄主伤口对桔小实蝇产卵选择性的影响,本研究以香蕉为寄主,在果实表面制造不同形状、大小和不同新鲜度的伤口,设置选择性和非选择性实验,观察产卵行为。结果表明：桔小实蝇对不同大小伤口产卵偏好为6 mm方形孔>4 mm方形孔>1′5 mm长条形孔>2 mm方形孔>1.5 mm针刺孔>自然产卵孔；在选择条件下,边长6 mm的方形孔伤口上的着卵量最高,平均为55.00粒/伤口,而自然产卵孔中的平均着卵量仅为6.39粒；非选择条件下的产卵量为56.00粒/伤口,自然产卵孔中的平均着卵量仅为3.92粒。桔小实蝇对不同伤口新鲜度的访问习性偏好顺序为产生2 d的伤口>0 d的伤口>产生1 d的伤口,产生2 d 的伤口平均访问次数为3.20次,访问时长为50.04 min,尝试产卵次数为4.40次,真实产卵次数为3.80次。本研究表明寄主果实表面的伤口有利于桔小实蝇产卵,伤口面积越大及产生的时间越长,产卵量越高。在生产中为减少桔小实蝇对果实的危害,应采取相应保护果实的措施,尽量避免果实表面形成伤口。

Effects of host wound on the oviposition behaviors of Bactrocera dorsalis

The fruit fly is an important fruit and vegetable pest with a wide host range. Host wound has a great influence on its oviposition behavior. To clarify the effect of host wounds on the oviposition selectivity of B.dorsalis, this study used bananas as hosts to create wounds with different shapes, sizes and freshness on the fruit surface, and set up selective and non-selective experiments to observe the oviposition behavior. The results showed that the preference of the fruit fly for oviposition behavior in different sizes of wounds was 6 mm square hole>4 mm square hole>1x5 mm long strip hole>2 mm square hole>1.5 mm needle hole>natural spawning hole. Under the selected conditions, the number of eggs laid on the wound of the square hole with a side length of 6 mm was the highest, with an average of 55.00 eggs in wound hole, while the average number of eggs in the natural spawning hole was only 6.39. The number of eggs laid under non-selective conditions was 56.00 eggs in wound hole, and the average number of eggs laid in natural spawning holes was only 3.92 eggs. The selectivity preference of B. dorsalis to different freshness wounds was 2 days>1 day > 0 day, the times of visiting were 3.20, the duration of visiting were 50.04 minutes, the numbers of attempting and ovipositing to lay eggs were 3.80 and 4.40 times respectively. This study showed that the wound on the surface of the host fruit was beneficial to the oviposition of B.dorsalis. The number of eggs were increased with area and production time of wound. In order to reduce the harm of B.dorsalis to the fruit in production, corresponding measures should be taken to protect the fruit and avoid the formation of wounds on the surface of the fruit .