网室栽培对柑橘生长及病虫害的影响

柑橘黄龙病（Citrus Huanglongbing，HLB）是柑橘生产上的毁灭性病害，在田间主要通过柑橘木虱（Diaphorina citri Kuwayama）传播，目前尚未有有效防治柑橘黄龙病的药剂。通过搭建防虫网室种植柑橘是目前国内多个黄龙病高发区用以防控柑橘木虱及黄龙病的新型种植方式，但有关网室栽培技术在柑橘木虱及黄龙病等主要柑橘病虫害上的防控效果并未有系统评估。本研究以黄龙病流行区（广东惠州）的柑橘果园为实验地进行防虫网覆盖，通过对网室栽培区与露天区柑橘的树势、柑橘木虱与黄龙病的流行状况及其他害虫发生情况进行系统比较，分析其差异。本研究发现，搭建防虫网室种植柑橘有利于增长其树势，一定程度上能够减少柑橘害虫的种类和数量，特别是柑橘木虱，同时黄龙病的病情也有所减轻。但网室内的相对湿度会在秋季降低，进而引起柑橘红蜘蛛（Panonychus citri McGregor）的爆发。搭建防虫网室的种植方式对柑橘生长及黄龙病的防控有重要的作用，但也会引起部分柑橘红蜘蛛和粉虱的泛滥。

Prevention of HLB and growth of citrus influenced by Insect-Proof Screen Cultivation

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating disease in citrus production. In order to control the spread of Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) on HLB, the cultivation of citrus under insect-proof screen is a sustainable way of planting citrus. Several published reports indicated that insect-proof screen cultivation certainly influence on tree potential, yield, and fruit quality, and the results are different. In addition, previous study only focused on such single part of the research, still not systematic enough. In this study, the citrus orchards in the endemic area of HLB (Huizhou, Guangdong Province) were covered with insect-proof screens. The tree potential, the occurrence of citrus Diaphorina citri, HLB and other pests were systematically compared between the cultivated area and the open area, and the differences were analyzed. In this study, it was found that the establishment of insect-proof screen room was beneficial to the growth of tree potential. The investigation on the occurrence and prevalence of citrus psyllids showed that insect control screens could reduce the species and quantity of citrus pests to a certain extent, especially for citrus psyllids. At the same time, the condition of HLB has also been reduced. However, relative humidity in the screen room decreased in autumn, led to the proliferation of citrus starscream (Panonychus citri McGregor). The planting method of insect-proof screen room has both positive and negative effects on citrus diseases, insect pests and fruit quality. This method is of great significance for the control of citrus psyllid and HLB and citrus cultivation, but it may cause the spread of some pests.